North America Native Plant

Piedmont Marsh Elder

Botanical name: Iva microcephala

USDA symbol: IVMI

Life cycle: annual

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Piedmont Marsh Elder: A Rare Native Gem for Wetland Gardens Meet the piedmont marsh elder (Iva microcephala), a charming little annual that’s flying under the radar in most gardening circles. This southeastern native might not win any beauty contests with its tiny, understated flowers, but what it lacks in flashy ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Alabama

Status: S1: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Critically Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 5 or fewer occurrences or very few remaining individuals (<1,000) ⚘

Piedmont Marsh Elder: A Rare Native Gem for Wetland Gardens

Meet the piedmont marsh elder (Iva microcephala), a charming little annual that’s flying under the radar in most gardening circles. This southeastern native might not win any beauty contests with its tiny, understated flowers, but what it lacks in flashy blooms, it makes up for in ecological value and specialized growing habits that make it perfect for certain garden niches.

Where You’ll Find This Wetland Wonder

Piedmont marsh elder calls the southeastern United States home, naturally occurring across Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. As a true native of the lower 48 states, this plant has spent centuries adapting to the unique conditions of southeastern wetlands and moist areas.

A Word About Rarity

Here’s something important to know: piedmont marsh elder is considered rare in Alabama, where it holds an S1 rarity status. This means it’s critically imperiled in that state. If you’re interested in growing this plant, please make sure you source it responsibly from reputable native plant nurseries rather than collecting from wild populations. Every plant counts when we’re talking about rare species!

What Makes This Plant Special

Iva microcephala is an annual forb—essentially a non-woody herbaceous plant that completes its entire life cycle in one growing season. Don’t expect towering heights or sprawling growth; this modest plant stays relatively compact and focuses its energy on producing seeds for next year’s generation.

As a facultative wetland plant, piedmont marsh elder usually prefers wet feet but can tolerate drier conditions when needed. This flexibility makes it particularly valuable in areas where water levels fluctuate throughout the seasons.

Garden Roles and Landscape Uses

Let’s be honest—you probably won’t plant piedmont marsh elder as your garden’s showstopper. Instead, think of it as a supporting cast member in these specialized settings:

  • Wetland restoration projects
  • Rain gardens and bioswales
  • Native plant collections
  • Areas prone to seasonal flooding
  • Naturalized meadow edges near water sources

Growing Conditions and Care

Piedmont marsh elder thrives in USDA hardiness zones 7-10, making it well-suited to the southeastern climate it calls home. Here’s what this wetland specialist needs to flourish:

  • Moisture: Consistently moist to wet soil conditions
  • Light: Full sun to partial shade
  • Soil: Tolerates various soil types as long as moisture needs are met
  • pH: Adaptable to different soil pH levels

Planting and Maintenance Tips

Since this is an annual, you’ll want to focus on successful seed establishment. Fall direct seeding often works best, allowing the seeds to experience natural cold stratification over winter. Once established, piedmont marsh elder is refreshingly low-maintenance—nature does most of the work!

The key to success is getting the moisture levels right. If you’re creating a rain garden or wetland area, this plant will likely self-seed and return year after year once it’s happy with its growing conditions.

Wildlife and Pollinator Benefits

While piedmont marsh elder may not be a pollinator magnet like some showier natives, it still provides valuable resources for small native bees and other beneficial insects. Its seeds may also provide food for wetland birds, contributing to the overall biodiversity of your garden ecosystem.

Should You Grow Piedmont Marsh Elder?

This plant isn’t for everyone, but it could be perfect for you if:

  • You’re working on wetland restoration or creation
  • You have a rain garden that needs native plants
  • You’re passionate about growing rare native species
  • You want to support southeastern biodiversity
  • You have consistently moist areas that need specialized plants

Remember, with its rarity status, growing piedmont marsh elder is also an act of conservation. By providing garden space for this species and allowing it to set seed, you’re helping ensure its continued survival while creating habitat for the creatures that depend on it.

Just make sure to source your plants or seeds from reputable native plant suppliers who propagate rather than wild-collect their stock. Your garden can become a small but meaningful refuge for this special southeastern native.

Piedmont Marsh Elder

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Asterales

Family

Asteraceae Bercht. & J. Presl - Aster family

Genus

Iva L. - marsh elder

Species

Iva microcephala Nutt. - piedmont marsh elder

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA