North America Native Plant

Peruvian Muhly

Botanical name: Muhlenbergia peruviana

USDA symbol: MUPE3

Life cycle: annual

Habit: grass

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Muhlenbergia pulcherrima Scribn. ex Beal (MUPU)   

Peruvian Muhly: A Little-Known Native Grass for Southwestern Gardens If you’re looking to add authentic native character to your southwestern landscape, you might want to get acquainted with Peruvian muhly (Muhlenbergia peruviana). This humble annual grass may not be the showiest plant in the garden center, but it has some ...

Peruvian Muhly: A Little-Known Native Grass for Southwestern Gardens

If you’re looking to add authentic native character to your southwestern landscape, you might want to get acquainted with Peruvian muhly (Muhlenbergia peruviana). This humble annual grass may not be the showiest plant in the garden center, but it has some quietly appealing qualities that make it worth considering for the right garden.

What is Peruvian Muhly?

Peruvian muhly is a native annual grass that belongs to the large and diverse Muhlenbergia genus. You might also see it listed under its scientific synonym, Muhlenbergia pulcherrima. As a graminoid (grass-like plant), it brings that authentic prairie and desert grassland feel to gardens, complete with delicate seed heads that catch the light beautifully.

Being an annual means this grass completes its entire life cycle in one growing season, going from seed to flowering plant and back to seed again within a single year.

Where Does It Grow Naturally?

This native grass calls the American Southwest home, specifically Arizona and New Mexico. In the wild, you’ll find it growing in the arid and semi-arid landscapes that characterize this region, where it has adapted to the challenging conditions of hot summers and limited rainfall.

Why Grow Peruvian Muhly?

While Peruvian muhly might not be the most well-documented native grass, there are several reasons southwestern gardeners might want to give it a try:

  • True native authenticity: This grass evolved right in your backyard’s ecosystem
  • Low maintenance: As a native adapted to arid conditions, it shouldn’t need pampering
  • Natural movement: Grasses add gentle motion and sound to landscapes
  • Wildlife habitat: Native grasses typically provide food and shelter for local wildlife
  • Drought tolerance: Perfect for water-wise gardening

Garden Design Ideas

Peruvian muhly works best in naturalized settings where you want to recreate the look and feel of native grasslands. Consider using it in:

  • Xeriscapes and drought-tolerant gardens
  • Native plant restoration projects
  • Erosion control areas
  • Informal meadow-style plantings
  • Buffer zones between cultivated and wild areas

Growing Conditions

Based on its native range in Arizona and New Mexico, Peruvian muhly likely thrives in:

  • Climate: USDA hardiness zones 7-10 (estimated)
  • Sun exposure: Full sun to partial shade
  • Soil: Well-draining soils, tolerant of poor and rocky conditions
  • Water: Low water requirements once established

Planting and Care Tips

Since detailed cultivation information for this specific species is limited, here are some general guidelines based on its native habitat and annual nature:

  • Seeding: Direct seed in fall or early spring
  • Watering: Provide moderate water during germination, then reduce as plants establish
  • Maintenance: Minimal care needed; allow plants to self-seed for natural regeneration
  • Harvesting seed: Collect seeds when mature if you want to ensure next year’s crop

A Note for Gardeners

Peruvian muhly appears to be one of those under-the-radar native plants that hasn’t received much attention in mainstream gardening circles. If you’re interested in growing it, you might need to source seeds from specialty native plant suppliers or botanical gardens. The relative lack of cultivation information also means you’ll be doing a bit of experimenting – which can be part of the fun of native gardening!

As with any native plant project, start small and observe how it performs in your specific site conditions. Every garden is different, and even native plants can behave differently depending on soil, microclimate, and other factors.

The Bottom Line

While Peruvian muhly might not be the flashiest addition to your plant palette, it offers southwestern gardeners a chance to grow something truly native and authentic. Its annual nature means it won’t be a permanent commitment, and its low-maintenance requirements make it suitable for gardeners who want to support local ecosystems without a lot of fuss.

If you’re passionate about native plants and interested in trying something a little different, Peruvian muhly could be a worthwhile addition to your garden’s cast of characters.

Peruvian Muhly

Classification

Group

Monocot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Liliopsida - Monocotyledons

Subclass

Commelinidae

Order

Cyperales

Family

Poaceae Barnhart - Grass family

Genus

Muhlenbergia Schreb. - muhly

Species

Muhlenbergia peruviana (P. Beauv.) Steud. - Peruvian muhly

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA