North America Native Plant

Peacock Larkspur

Botanical name: Delphinium ×pavonaceum

USDA symbol: DEPA4

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Peacock Larkspur: A Rare Oregon Native Worth Protecting If you’re a native plant enthusiast with a passion for rare finds, you might have stumbled across the intriguingly named peacock larkspur (Delphinium ×pavonaceum). This perennial wildflower is one of Oregon’s botanical treasures, though it’s so uncommon that most gardeners will never ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S1Q: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Uncertain taxonomy: ⚘ Critically Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 5 or fewer occurrences or very few remaining individuals (<1,000) ⚘

Peacock Larkspur: A Rare Oregon Native Worth Protecting

If you’re a native plant enthusiast with a passion for rare finds, you might have stumbled across the intriguingly named peacock larkspur (Delphinium ×pavonaceum). This perennial wildflower is one of Oregon’s botanical treasures, though it’s so uncommon that most gardeners will never encounter it in the wild—or in cultivation.

What Makes Peacock Larkspur Special?

Peacock larkspur belongs to the delphinium family, known for their spectacular spikes of blue, purple, and white flowers. The × in its botanical name tells us this is a hybrid species, meaning it arose from the crossing of two other delphinium species in nature. Like other delphiniums, peacock larkspur is an herbaceous perennial forb—essentially a non-woody flowering plant that dies back to the ground each winter and returns from its roots in spring.

Where Does It Grow?

Here’s where things get really interesting (and a bit concerning from a conservation standpoint): peacock larkspur is native to the United States, but it’s only documented in Oregon. This extremely limited geographic distribution makes it quite the botanical rarity.

A Conservation Concern

Before you start planning where to plant peacock larkspur in your garden, there’s something important you should know. This plant has a Global Conservation Status of S1Q, which indicates it’s extremely rare and potentially at risk. The Q designation suggests there are questions about its taxonomic status or distribution that need further research.

What does this mean for gardeners? Simply put, this isn’t a plant you’ll find at your local nursery, nor should you attempt to collect it from the wild. In fact, doing so could harm already vulnerable populations.

Should You Grow Peacock Larkspur?

Given its rarity status, peacock larkspur isn’t really an option for most home gardeners. If you’re interested in supporting Oregon’s native plant diversity, here are better approaches:

  • Choose other native Oregon delphiniums that are more common and available through reputable native plant nurseries
  • Support conservation organizations working to protect Oregon’s rare plant habitats
  • If you’re a botanical researcher or serious conservationist with access to responsibly sourced seeds or plants, consider growing it as part of conservation efforts—but only with proper permits and guidance

Better Native Alternatives

If you’re drawn to the idea of growing native delphiniums in your Pacific Northwest garden, consider looking for other regional species that are more readily available and won’t impact wild populations. Your local native plant society or extension office can provide guidance on which delphinium species are appropriate for cultivation in your area.

The Bottom Line

Peacock larkspur represents the kind of botanical mystery that makes native plant enthusiasts’ hearts skip a beat—a rare, beautiful wildflower with an intriguing name and uncertain future. While we can’t recommend planting it in home gardens due to its conservation status, we can appreciate its existence and support efforts to protect the Oregon habitats where it grows.

Sometimes the best way to love a rare plant is to admire it from afar and work to ensure it has a secure future in its native home.

Peacock Larkspur

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Magnoliidae

Order

Ranunculales

Family

Ranunculaceae Juss. - Buttercup family

Genus

Delphinium L. - larkspur

Species

Delphinium ×pavonaceum Ewan (pro sp.) [menziesii × trolliifolium] - peacock larkspur

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA