North America Native Plant

Parish’s Broomrape

Botanical name: Orobanche parishii parishii

USDA symbol: ORPAP

Life cycle: annual

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Orobanche californica Cham. & Schltdl. var. parishii Jeps. (ORCAP)   

Parish’s Broomrape: A Fascinating but Non-Garden-Friendly Native If you’ve ever wondered about those mysterious little brownish stems popping up seemingly out of nowhere in California’s desert landscapes, you might have encountered Parish’s broomrape (Orobanche parishii parishii). This quirky little native plant has a lifestyle that’s more vampire than your typical ...

Parish’s Broomrape: A Fascinating but Non-Garden-Friendly Native

If you’ve ever wondered about those mysterious little brownish stems popping up seemingly out of nowhere in California’s desert landscapes, you might have encountered Parish’s broomrape (Orobanche parishii parishii). This quirky little native plant has a lifestyle that’s more vampire than your typical garden flower – and that’s exactly why you won’t want it in your backyard.

What Exactly Is Parish’s Broomrape?

Parish’s broomrape is an annual forb native to California, meaning it’s a soft-stemmed herbaceous plant without woody tissue that completes its entire life cycle in just one year. But here’s where things get interesting (and a bit spooky): this plant is what botanists call a parasitic plant. Instead of making its own food through photosynthesis like most plants, Parish’s broomrape literally steals nutrients from other plants by attaching to their roots.

You might also see this plant listed under its scientific synonym, Orobanche californica var. parishii, but regardless of what you call it, its lifestyle remains the same – it’s a root parasite through and through.

Where You’ll Find This Sneaky Native

Parish’s broomrape is native to the lower 48 states, specifically calling California home. You’ll typically encounter it in the state’s desert regions, where it quietly goes about its parasitic business among native shrubs and other desert vegetation.

Why Parish’s Broomrape Isn’t Right for Your Garden

While we love celebrating native plants, Parish’s broomrape falls into that special category of admire from afar species. Here’s why this native isn’t destined for your garden bed:

  • Parasitic lifestyle: It needs to attach to host plant roots to survive, making cultivation nearly impossible
  • Limited aesthetic appeal: The small, brownish-purple flowers aren’t exactly showstoppers
  • Unpredictable growth: Since it depends entirely on host plants, you can’t control where or when it appears
  • Potential harm to garden plants: It could potentially parasitize your prized shrubs and perennials

Growing Conditions and Habitat

In its natural desert habitat, Parish’s broomrape thrives in USDA hardiness zones 8-10. However, thriving is relative – it completely depends on finding suitable host plants to parasitize. The plant has evolved to target specific shrub species native to California’s desert ecosystems, forming underground connections that allow it to tap into the host’s nutrient supply.

Because of this unique lifestyle, there are no real planting and care tips for Parish’s broomrape. You simply can’t grow it in a traditional sense – it grows itself when conditions are right and suitable hosts are present.

Ecological Role and Wildlife Value

While Parish’s broomrape might not win any beauty contests or garden design awards, it does play a role in its native ecosystem. As a native species, it’s part of the complex web of desert plant relationships that have evolved over thousands of years. However, its wildlife benefits are minimal compared to other native plants that offer nectar, seeds, or habitat.

Better Native Alternatives for Your Garden

Instead of trying to cultivate this challenging parasitic plant, consider these beautiful California natives that will actually thrive in your garden:

  • Desert marigold (Baileya multiradiata) for bright yellow blooms
  • Penstemon species for colorful, pollinator-friendly flowers
  • California poppies (Eschscholzia californica) for iconic orange blooms
  • Desert willow (Chilopsis linearis) for a lovely flowering shrub

The Bottom Line

Parish’s broomrape is undoubtedly a fascinating example of how creative nature can be, but it’s definitely not garden material. This parasitic annual is best appreciated in its natural desert habitat, where it can continue its sneaky lifestyle without threatening your carefully tended landscape plants. Stick to the many gorgeous and well-behaved California natives that will actually enhance your garden rather than potentially harm it!

Parish’s Broomrape

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Scrophulariales

Family

Orobanchaceae Vent. - Broom-rape family

Genus

Orobanche L. - broomrape

Species

Orobanche parishii (Jeps.) Heckard - Parish's broomrape

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA