North America Native Plant

Palo De Hueso

Botanical name: Haenianthus salicifolius

USDA symbol: HASA2

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: shrub

Native status: Native to Puerto Rico  

Palo de Hueso: A Mysterious Puerto Rican Native Worth Knowing About If you’ve stumbled across the name palo de hueso in your native plant research, you’ve discovered one of Puerto Rico’s more enigmatic shrubs. This perennial woody plant (Haenianthus salicifolius) represents the kind of botanical mystery that makes native gardening ...

Palo de Hueso: A Mysterious Puerto Rican Native Worth Knowing About

If you’ve stumbled across the name palo de hueso in your native plant research, you’ve discovered one of Puerto Rico’s more enigmatic shrubs. This perennial woody plant (Haenianthus salicifolius) represents the kind of botanical mystery that makes native gardening both fascinating and sometimes frustrating – there’s so much we still don’t know about our native flora!

What is Palo de Hueso?

Palo de hueso is a native Puerto Rican shrub that typically grows as a multi-stemmed woody plant. Like most shrubs, it usually stays under 13-16 feet tall, with several stems emerging from or near ground level. As a perennial, it’s built to last, coming back year after year once established.

Where Does It Grow?

This plant calls Puerto Rico home and appears to be found exclusively there. It’s what botanists call a Puerto Rican endemic – a plant that evolved in this specific place and exists nowhere else naturally in the world.

The Wetland Connection

Here’s something interesting about palo de hueso: it’s classified as a facultative wetland plant in the Caribbean region. This means it’s flexible about where it lives – you’ll usually find it in wetland areas, but it can also pop up in drier spots when conditions are right. Think of it as a plant that likes to keep its options open!

Should You Grow Palo de Hueso?

Here’s where things get tricky. While palo de hueso is undoubtedly a legitimate native Puerto Rican plant, there’s remarkably little information available about:

  • How to grow it successfully
  • What growing conditions it prefers
  • How to propagate it
  • What wildlife it supports
  • Its availability in the nursery trade

This lack of information suggests that palo de hueso might be quite rare in the wild or difficult to cultivate. For responsible native gardeners, this raises some important considerations.

The Responsible Approach

If you’re passionate about growing truly native Puerto Rican plants, your best bet is to:

  • Contact local botanical gardens or native plant societies in Puerto Rico for guidance
  • Work only with reputable native plant nurseries that can verify the source of their plants
  • Never collect plants from the wild
  • Consider well-documented native alternatives while you search for reliable sources

Native Alternatives to Consider

While you’re researching palo de hueso, consider these better-documented native Puerto Rican shrubs that can provide similar structure in your landscape:

  • Other native wetland-tolerant shrubs from Puerto Rico’s rich flora
  • Plants that support local wildlife and pollinators
  • Species readily available from responsible native plant sources

The Bottom Line

Palo de hueso represents both the wonder and the challenge of native gardening. While it’s clearly a legitimate part of Puerto Rico’s natural heritage, the lack of cultivation information means it’s not ready for mainstream gardening. If you’re determined to grow this particular species, proceed with caution, work with experts, and always ensure you’re sourcing plants responsibly.

Sometimes the most valuable thing we can do as native plant enthusiasts is to recognize when a plant might be better left to conservation efforts rather than cultivation. In the meantime, there are plenty of other Puerto Rican natives waiting to bring beauty, ecological function, and local character to your garden!

Wetland Status

The rule of seasoned gardeners and landscapers is to choose the "right plant for the right place" matching plants to their ideal growing conditions, so they'll thrive with less work and fewer inputs. But the simplicity of this catchphrase conceals how tricky plant selection is. While tags list watering requirements, there's more to the story.

Knowing a plant's wetland status can simplify the process by revealing the interaction between plants, water, and soil. Surprisingly, many popular landscape plants are wetland species! And what may be a wetland plant in one area, in another it might thrive in drier conditions. Also, it helps you make smarter gardening choices and grow healthy plants with less care and feeding, saving you time, frustration, and money while producing an attractive garden with greater ecological benefits.

Regions
Status
Moisture Conditions

Caribbean

FACW

Facultative Wetland - Plants with this status usually occurs in wetlands but may occur in non-wetlands

Palo De Hueso

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Scrophulariales

Family

Oleaceae Hoffmanns. & Link - Olive family

Genus

Haenianthus Griseb. - haenianthus

Species

Haenianthus salicifolius Griseb. - palo de hueso

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA