North America Native Plant

Pale Wallowa Indian Paintbrush

Botanical name: Castilleja oresbia

USDA symbol: CAOR4

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Pale Wallowa Indian Paintbrush: A Rare Mountain Gem Worth Protecting If you’re a native plant enthusiast with a soft spot for rare mountain wildflowers, the pale Wallowa Indian paintbrush (Castilleja oresbia) might just capture your heart. This delicate perennial is one of nature’s more exclusive offerings, found only in the ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S3S4: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals ⚘ Apparently Secure: Uncommon but not rare, and usually widespread. Possibly cause for longterm concern. Typically more than 100 occurrences in the state or more than 10,000 individuals ⚘

Pale Wallowa Indian Paintbrush: A Rare Mountain Gem Worth Protecting

If you’re a native plant enthusiast with a soft spot for rare mountain wildflowers, the pale Wallowa Indian paintbrush (Castilleja oresbia) might just capture your heart. This delicate perennial is one of nature’s more exclusive offerings, found only in the rugged Wallowa Mountains and nearby areas of the Pacific Northwest.

What Makes This Plant Special

The pale Wallowa Indian paintbrush is a herbaceous perennial forb that belongs to the beloved Indian paintbrush family. Unlike its more common red and orange cousins, this species displays subtle, pale-colored bracts that create a softer, more understated wildflower display. As a true mountain native, it brings an authentic alpine character to gardens that few other plants can match.

Where It Calls Home

This paintbrush is a true regional treasure, native exclusively to Idaho and Oregon. Its natural range centers around the spectacular Wallowa Mountains of northeastern Oregon, with some populations extending into adjacent areas of Idaho. This limited distribution makes it a genuine endemic species—a plant that exists nowhere else on Earth.

A Word of Caution: Rarity Matters

Before you start planning your mountain garden, there’s something important you need to know. Castilleja oresbia has a Global Conservation Status of S3S4, indicating that while not immediately threatened, it has a relatively small population and limited range. This means if you’re determined to grow this beauty, you’ll need to source it responsibly from reputable native plant nurseries that propagate rather than wild-collect their stock.

Garden Role and Design Ideas

In the right setting, pale Wallowa Indian paintbrush can play several roles in your landscape:

  • Alpine and rock garden centerpiece for authentic mountain character
  • Naturalized meadow component in cool, high-elevation gardens
  • Native plant collection specimen for serious native gardening enthusiasts
  • Wildlife garden addition to support native pollinators

Growing Conditions and Care

Let’s be honest—this isn’t a plant for beginners. Like many mountain natives, pale Wallowa Indian paintbrush has specific needs that can be challenging to meet in typical garden settings:

  • Climate: Thrives in cool mountain climates, likely hardy in USDA zones 4-7
  • Soil: Requires excellent drainage and may prefer rocky or sandy soils
  • Light: Full sun to partial shade
  • Water: Moderate moisture during growing season, drier conditions in winter

Like other Indian paintbrush species, this plant may form beneficial relationships with mycorrhizal fungi and could be partially parasitic on nearby grasses, making it even trickier to establish successfully.

Pollinator and Wildlife Benefits

While specific data on wildlife interactions with this rare species is limited, Indian paintbrush plants are generally excellent pollinator magnets. You can expect this mountain beauty to attract:

  • Hummingbirds drawn to the tubular flower structure
  • Native bees and other beneficial insects
  • High-elevation butterfly species

Should You Plant It?

The pale Wallowa Indian paintbrush presents a fascinating dilemma for native plant gardeners. On one hand, growing rare natives helps preserve genetic diversity and creates awareness about our precious mountain flora. On the other hand, its rarity and specific growing requirements make it a challenging choice.

Consider this plant if you:

  • Live in a cool mountain climate similar to its native habitat
  • Have experience with challenging native plants
  • Can source plants from responsible propagators
  • Want to support conservation through cultivation

Skip this plant if you:

  • Live in hot, humid, or low-elevation areas
  • Prefer low-maintenance garden plants
  • Cannot find responsibly sourced specimens

The Bottom Line

Pale Wallowa Indian paintbrush is a plant for the truly dedicated native gardener. While its rarity and growing challenges make it unsuitable for most gardens, those who succeed in cultivating it will enjoy a genuine piece of Pacific Northwest mountain heritage. If you’re up for the challenge, make sure to source your plants responsibly and consider it a privilege to help preserve this remarkable endemic species.

Remember, sometimes the most rewarding native plants are the ones that ask us to step up our gardening game—and pale Wallowa Indian paintbrush certainly fits that description!

Pale Wallowa Indian Paintbrush

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Scrophulariales

Family

Scrophulariaceae Juss. - Figwort family

Genus

Castilleja Mutis ex L. f. - Indian paintbrush

Species

Castilleja oresbia Greenm. - pale Wallowa Indian paintbrush

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA