North America Native Plant

Palau Maidenhair

Botanical name: Adiantum palaoense

USDA symbol: ADPA3

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to Pacific Basin excluding Hawaii  

Palau Maidenhair: A Rare Pacific Treasure for Tropical Gardens Meet the Palau maidenhair (Adiantum palaoense), a delicate and enchanting fern that calls the remote Pacific islands home. This isn’t your typical garden center find – it’s a specialized beauty that brings a touch of tropical elegance to the right garden ...

Palau Maidenhair: A Rare Pacific Treasure for Tropical Gardens

Meet the Palau maidenhair (Adiantum palaoense), a delicate and enchanting fern that calls the remote Pacific islands home. This isn’t your typical garden center find – it’s a specialized beauty that brings a touch of tropical elegance to the right garden setting.

What Makes Palau Maidenhair Special?

The Palau maidenhair is a perennial fern native to the Pacific Basin, specifically found growing naturally in Guam and Palau. Like other members of the maidenhair fern family, it produces graceful, fan-shaped fronds with delicate leaflets that seem to dance in the slightest breeze. The fine texture and arching growth pattern create an almost ethereal presence in shaded garden spaces.

Where Does It Grow Naturally?

This Pacific native has a very limited natural range, found only in Guam and Palau. Its restricted distribution makes it a true regional specialty, adapted to the specific climate and growing conditions of these western Pacific islands.

Is Palau Maidenhair Right for Your Garden?

Here’s the reality check: unless you’re gardening in USDA zones 10-11 with consistently tropical conditions, this fern probably isn’t going to thrive in your landscape. But if you do live in the right climate zone, here’s what you need to know:

Growing Conditions

Palau maidenhair demands specific conditions to flourish:

  • Light: Shade to partial shade – direct sunlight will quickly damage the delicate fronds
  • Humidity: High humidity levels, mimicking its native tropical environment
  • Soil: Well-draining but consistently moist soil with good organic content
  • Temperature: Warm temperatures year-round (zones 10-11)
  • Air circulation: Good air flow to prevent fungal issues

Garden Role and Design Uses

When grown in suitable conditions, Palau maidenhair serves as an excellent:

  • Ground cover in shaded tropical gardens
  • Accent plant for adding fine texture contrast
  • Component in naturalistic woodland-style landscapes
  • Specimen for specialized fern collections

What About Wildlife Benefits?

As a fern, Palau maidenhair reproduces through spores rather than flowers, so it doesn’t directly support pollinators like bees and butterflies. However, ferns do contribute to overall ecosystem health by providing habitat structure and helping maintain soil moisture in their native environments.

The Bottom Line

Palau maidenhair is undoubtedly beautiful, but it’s a plant for very specific situations. Most gardeners will find it challenging to grow successfully outside of its preferred tropical zone conditions. If you’re not in the right climate zone, consider exploring native fern species in your area that will be much easier to establish and maintain.

For those lucky enough to garden in tropical climates where this fern can thrive, remember that its limited natural range means you should source plants responsibly and consider it a special addition to your shade garden palette.

Palau Maidenhair

Classification

Group

Fern

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision
Division

Pteridophyta - Ferns

Subdivision
Class

Filicopsida

Subclass
Order

Polypodiales

Family

Pteridaceae E.D.M. Kirchn. - Maidenhair Fern family

Genus

Adiantum L. - maidenhair fern

Species

Adiantum palaoense C. Chr. - Palau maidenhair

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA