North America Native Plant

Pagumpa Milkvetch

Botanical name: Astragalus ensiformis var. ensiformis

USDA symbol: ASENE

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Pagumpa Milkvetch: A Rare Desert Native Worth Protecting If you’re passionate about native plants and have a soft spot for the underdogs of the plant world, let me introduce you to pagumpa milkvetch (Astragalus ensiformis var. ensiformis). This little-known perennial is one of those special plants that makes native plant ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S3T2T3: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Subspecies or variety is imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 6 to 20 occurrences or few remaining individuals (1,000 to 3,000) ⚘ Vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals ⚘ Subspecies or variety is vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals. ⚘

Pagumpa Milkvetch: A Rare Desert Native Worth Protecting

If you’re passionate about native plants and have a soft spot for the underdogs of the plant world, let me introduce you to pagumpa milkvetch (Astragalus ensiformis var. ensiformis). This little-known perennial is one of those special plants that makes native plant enthusiasts do a happy dance—it’s authentically regional, perfectly adapted to harsh conditions, and plays an important role in its desert ecosystem.

What Makes Pagumpa Milkvetch Special?

Pagumpa milkvetch is a native perennial that calls the southwestern United States home, specifically thriving in Arizona and Utah. As a member of the legume family, this hardy plant has evolved some pretty nifty tricks for surviving in challenging desert conditions. Like its milkvetch cousins, it produces those characteristic pea-like flowers that pollinators absolutely love.

But here’s the thing—this particular variety appears to have a limited distribution, making it something of a botanical treasure in the regions where it naturally occurs.

Should You Grow Pagumpa Milkvetch?

The short answer is: maybe, but with important caveats. This plant appears to be quite rare in the wild, which means if you’re considering adding it to your garden, you’ll want to be extra thoughtful about how you go about it.

Reasons to consider growing it:

  • It’s a true native that supports local ecosystems
  • Extremely drought-tolerant once established
  • Provides nectar for native bees and other pollinators
  • Perfect for xeriscaping and water-wise gardening
  • Helps preserve genetic diversity of rare native plants

Important considerations:

  • Limited availability due to rarity
  • Must source from reputable native plant nurseries
  • Best suited for specialized native plant gardens
  • Requires specific growing conditions to thrive

Growing Conditions and Care

If you decide to grow pagumpa milkvetch, you’ll want to mimic its natural desert habitat as closely as possible. This means thinking dry, sunny, and well-draining.

Ideal growing conditions:

  • Full sun exposure
  • Well-draining, sandy or gravelly soil
  • Low water requirements once established
  • Likely hardy in USDA zones 4-8 (based on natural range)

Planting and Care Tips

Growing desert natives like pagumpa milkvetch is all about restraint—less is definitely more when it comes to water and amendments.

Getting started:

  • Plant in spring after last frost
  • Choose the sunniest, most well-draining spot in your garden
  • Avoid heavy clay soils or areas that stay wet
  • Water regularly the first year to help establish roots
  • Once established, water sparingly—this plant prefers to stay on the dry side

Ongoing care:

  • Minimal fertilization needed (legumes fix their own nitrogen!)
  • Allow natural dormancy during winter months
  • Avoid overwatering, which can lead to root rot

A Note About Responsible Gardening

Because pagumpa milkvetch appears to be uncommon in the wild, it’s crucial to source any plants or seeds from reputable native plant nurseries that propagate their own stock. Never collect from wild populations—this can harm already vulnerable plant communities.

If you can’t find pagumpa milkvetch from responsible sources, consider growing other native milkvetches that are more readily available. Your local native plant society can point you toward similar species that are better suited for home cultivation.

The Bottom Line

Pagumpa milkvetch is one of those plants that’s more about conservation than casual gardening. If you’re serious about native plant preservation and have the right growing conditions, it could be a meaningful addition to a specialized native garden. Just remember to source responsibly and be patient—rare plants often require a bit more dedication, but they reward us by helping maintain the incredible diversity of our native landscapes.

Pagumpa Milkvetch

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Rosidae

Order

Fabales

Family

Fabaceae Lindl. - Pea family

Genus

Astragalus L. - milkvetch

Species

Astragalus ensiformis M.E. Jones - pagumpa milkvetch

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA