North America Native Plant

Owyhee Clover

Botanical name: Trifolium owyheense

USDA symbol: TROW

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Owyhee Clover: A Rare Native Beauty Worth Protecting If you’re passionate about rare native plants and conservation gardening, Owyhee clover might just capture your heart. This charming little perennial forb is one of nature’s hidden gems, quietly thriving in the rugged landscapes of the Pacific Northwest. But before you start ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S2: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 6 to 20 occurrences or few remaining individuals (1,000 to 3,000) ⚘

Owyhee Clover: A Rare Native Beauty Worth Protecting

If you’re passionate about rare native plants and conservation gardening, Owyhee clover might just capture your heart. This charming little perennial forb is one of nature’s hidden gems, quietly thriving in the rugged landscapes of the Pacific Northwest. But before you start planning where to plant it, there’s something important you need to know about this special wildflower.

What Makes Owyhee Clover Special

Trifolium owyheense, commonly known as Owyhee clover, is a native perennial that belongs to the legume family. As a forb, it’s an herbaceous plant without woody stems, producing delicate flowers and distinctive three-leaflet clover leaves. This isn’t your typical lawn clover – it’s a rare native species with a story worth telling.

Where You’ll Find This Rare Beauty

Owyhee clover calls a very specific part of the world home. You’ll find this species naturally growing in just two states: Idaho and Oregon, particularly in the Owyhee region where it gets its name. This limited geographic distribution is part of what makes this plant so special – and so vulnerable.

A Conservation Concern

Here’s where things get serious. Owyhee clover has a Global Conservation Status of S2, which means it’s considered Imperiled. In plain English, this means the species is extremely rare, with typically only 6 to 20 known occurrences and somewhere between 1,000 to 3,000 individual plants remaining in the wild. This rarity makes it especially vulnerable to extinction.

Important: If you’re interested in growing Owyhee clover, it’s crucial that you only source seeds or plants from responsible suppliers who can guarantee the material wasn’t collected from wild populations. Better yet, consider supporting conservation efforts for this species instead of growing it in your garden.

Garden Appeal and Growing Conditions

Like other clover species, Owyhee clover likely produces small, attractive flowers that range from white to pinkish in color. As a perennial forb, it would make an interesting addition to native plant gardens, naturalized areas, or wildflower meadows – if it weren’t for its rarity status.

Based on its native habitat, this species probably prefers:

  • Well-drained soils
  • Full sun to partial shade conditions
  • USDA hardiness zones 4-7 (estimated based on its natural range)
  • Low to moderate water requirements once established

Benefits to Wildlife and Pollinators

As a member of the clover family, Owyhee clover likely provides nectar for various pollinators, including native bees. Like other legumes, it may also help fix nitrogen in the soil, potentially benefiting neighboring plants. However, given its rarity, these ecological benefits are currently limited to its small natural habitat range.

Should You Grow Owyhee Clover?

While Owyhee clover is undoubtedly fascinating, most gardeners should admire this species from afar. Instead of trying to grow this rare native, consider these alternatives:

  • Plant other native clover species that are more common and readily available
  • Support conservation organizations working to protect Owyhee clover habitat
  • Choose abundant native wildflowers that provide similar aesthetic and ecological benefits
  • Participate in citizen science projects that help monitor rare plant populations

The Bottom Line

Owyhee clover represents the delicate beauty of our native flora and the urgent need for plant conservation. While it would make a lovely addition to native plant gardens, its imperiled status means it’s better left to conservation professionals and dedicated restoration projects. By choosing more common native alternatives and supporting conservation efforts, you can help ensure that future generations will still be able to appreciate this rare gem in its natural habitat.

Sometimes the most loving thing we can do for a plant is to let it thrive where it belongs – in the wild landscapes it has called home for countless generations.

Owyhee Clover

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Rosidae

Order

Fabales

Family

Fabaceae Lindl. - Pea family

Genus

Trifolium L. - clover

Species

Trifolium owyheense Gilkey - Owyhee clover

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA