North America Native Plant

Orthotrichum Moss

Botanical name: Orthotrichum striatum

USDA symbol: ORST6

Habit: nonvascular

Native status: Native to North America  

Discovering Orthotrichum Moss: A Tiny Native Wonder in Your Backyard Have you ever noticed tiny, cushion-like growths on tree bark and wondered what they were? Meet orthotrichum moss (Orthotrichum striatum), a fascinating native bryophyte that’s probably been quietly decorating your local trees without you even knowing it! What Exactly Is ...

Discovering Orthotrichum Moss: A Tiny Native Wonder in Your Backyard

Have you ever noticed tiny, cushion-like growths on tree bark and wondered what they were? Meet orthotrichum moss (Orthotrichum striatum), a fascinating native bryophyte that’s probably been quietly decorating your local trees without you even knowing it!

What Exactly Is Orthotrichum Moss?

Orthotrichum moss belongs to a group of plants called bryophytes, which includes mosses, liverworts, and hornworts. Unlike the flowering plants we typically think of when gardening, this little green wonder doesn’t have true roots, stems, or leaves in the traditional sense. Instead, it forms small, dense cushions that attach themselves to solid surfaces like tree bark and occasionally rocks.

This herbaceous plant is completely native to North America, making it a true local resident that has been part of our ecosystems for thousands of years.

Where You’ll Find This Native Moss

Orthotrichum moss has made itself at home throughout North America, from the chilly forests of Canada all the way down to Mexico. It’s remarkably adaptable and can be found across USDA hardiness zones 3 through 9, which means there’s a good chance it’s living somewhere near you right now!

Spotting Orthotrichum Moss in the Wild

Here’s what to look for when you’re on your next nature walk:

  • Small, cushion-like patches on tree bark, especially deciduous trees
  • Tiny green tufts that feel slightly springy to the touch
  • When fertile, distinctive striped capsules that give this moss its striatum name
  • Patches that range from bright green when moist to brownish-green when dry

Is Orthotrichum Moss Beneficial for Your Garden?

While you won’t find orthotrichum moss at your local nursery (and you shouldn’t try to harvest it from the wild), this tiny plant actually provides several subtle benefits to your garden ecosystem:

  • Helps retain moisture on tree bark, supporting the overall health of your trees
  • Provides microscopic habitat for tiny insects and other small creatures
  • Adds natural texture and visual interest to tree trunks and branches
  • Indicates healthy air quality, as mosses are sensitive to pollution

Creating Moss-Friendly Conditions

Rather than trying to cultivate orthotrichum moss directly, you can encourage its natural appearance by:

  • Maintaining mature trees with textured bark
  • Avoiding the use of harsh chemicals or pressure washing on tree trunks
  • Keeping your garden environment naturally moist through organic mulching
  • Resisting the urge to clean every surface in your landscape

A Gentle Reminder About Wild Mosses

If you’re lucky enough to spot orthotrichum moss in your yard, consider it a sign of a healthy, balanced ecosystem. While it’s tempting to want to move or manipulate these tiny plants, they’re best left undisturbed. They’ve chosen their spots for good reasons and will thrive when left to their own devices.

The next time you’re walking through your garden or a local park, take a moment to look closely at the tree trunks around you. You might just discover a whole miniature world of orthotrichum moss that’s been there all along, quietly contributing to the biodiversity of your local environment!

Orthotrichum Moss

Classification

Group

Moss

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom
Superdivision
Division

Bryophyta - Mosses

Subdivision

Musci

Class

Bryopsida - True mosses

Subclass

Bryidae

Order

Orthotrichales

Family

Orthotrichaceae Arn.

Genus

Orthotrichum Hedw. - orthotrichum moss

Species

Orthotrichum striatum Hedw. - orthotrichum moss

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA