North America Native Plant

Orphniospora Lichen

Botanical name: Orphniospora moriopsis

USDA symbol: ORMO2

Habit: lichen

Native status: Native to North America  

Synonyms: Buellia atrata (Sm.) Anzi (BUAT)  ⚘  Buellia coracina (Nyl.) Körb. (BUCO9)  ⚘  Buellia moriopsis (A. Massal.) Th. Fr. (BUMO4)  ⚘  Orphniospora atrata (Sm.) Poelt (ORAT2)   

Orphniospora Lichen: The Dark Crusty Patches You’ve Been Wondering About Have you ever noticed dark, almost black crusty patches growing on rocks in your garden or during hikes? You might be looking at orphniospora lichen (Orphniospora moriopsis), a fascinating organism that’s more complex and beneficial than you might think! What ...

Orphniospora Lichen: The Dark Crusty Patches You’ve Been Wondering About

Have you ever noticed dark, almost black crusty patches growing on rocks in your garden or during hikes? You might be looking at orphniospora lichen (Orphniospora moriopsis), a fascinating organism that’s more complex and beneficial than you might think!

What Exactly Is Orphniospora Lichen?

Before we dive in, let’s clear up what we’re dealing with here. Orphniospora moriopsis isn’t actually a plant at all – it’s a lichen! Lichens are remarkable partnerships between fungi and algae (or sometimes cyanobacteria) that work together to create something entirely unique. Think of them as nature’s ultimate roommate situation that actually works out perfectly.

This particular lichen goes by several scientific names you might encounter, including Buellia atrata, Buellia coracina, and Orphniospora atrata, but don’t worry – they’re all referring to the same dark, crusty organism.

Where You’ll Find This Native Beauty

Orphniospora lichen is a true North American native, making its home across the continent wherever suitable rocky surfaces present themselves. You’re most likely to spot it in mountainous areas, along rocky coastlines, and in areas with clean, unpolluted air.

What Does It Look Like?

Identifying orphniospora lichen is relatively straightforward once you know what to look for:

  • Dark gray to nearly black coloration
  • Crusty, cracked appearance (scientists call this areolate)
  • Forms patches directly on rock surfaces
  • Looks almost like dark paint that’s dried and cracked
  • Typically found on hard rock substrates

Is It Good for Your Garden?

Here’s where things get interesting! While you can’t exactly plant orphniospora lichen like you would a flower, having it show up naturally in your garden is actually a wonderful sign. Lichens are incredibly sensitive to air pollution, so their presence indicates that your local air quality is pretty darn good.

From an ecological standpoint, orphniospora lichen provides several benefits:

  • Serves as a natural air quality indicator
  • Contributes to rock weathering and soil formation over time
  • May provide nesting materials for small insects and arthropods
  • Adds to the biodiversity of your local ecosystem

Can You Grow It?

This is where we need to set realistic expectations. Unlike traditional garden plants, you can’t pop down to the nursery and pick up some orphniospora lichen to plant. Lichens have very specific requirements and grow incredibly slowly – we’re talking decades to form substantial patches.

What you can do instead:

  • Preserve existing lichen patches by avoiding disturbing rocky areas
  • Maintain good air quality around your property
  • Avoid using chemical sprays near rocky surfaces where lichens might grow
  • Be patient – if conditions are right, lichens may establish naturally over time

The Bottom Line

Orphniospora lichen might not be the showiest addition to your outdoor space, but it’s a fascinating indicator of environmental health and a testament to nature’s incredible partnerships. If you’re lucky enough to have these dark, crusty patches appearing on rocks in your garden, consider it a badge of honor – you’re providing habitat for some of nature’s most resilient and interesting organisms.

Rather than trying to cultivate lichens, focus on creating conditions that support them: maintain clean air, preserve natural rock features, and avoid unnecessary chemical applications. Sometimes the best gardening approach is simply getting out of nature’s way and appreciating the complex beauty that develops on its own timeline.

Orphniospora Lichen

Classification

Group

Lichen

Kingdom

Fungi - Fungi

Subkingdom
Superdivision
Division

Ascomycota - Sac fungi

Subdivision
Class

Ascomycetes

Subclass
Order

Teloschistales

Family

Fuscideaceae Hafellner

Genus

Orphniospora Körb. - orphniospora lichen

Species

Orphniospora moriopsis (A. Massal.) D. Hawksw. - orphniospora lichen

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA