North America Native Plant

Orono Sedge

Botanical name: Carex oronensis

USDA symbol: CAOR6

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: grass

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Orono Sedge: Maine’s Rare Native Treasure Meet the Orono sedge (Carex oronensis), one of Maine’s most elusive native plants. This perennial sedge is so rare that most gardeners will never encounter it in the wild, let alone in cultivation. But understanding this fascinating native species helps us appreciate the incredible ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S3: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals ⚘

Orono Sedge: Maine’s Rare Native Treasure

Meet the Orono sedge (Carex oronensis), one of Maine’s most elusive native plants. This perennial sedge is so rare that most gardeners will never encounter it in the wild, let alone in cultivation. But understanding this fascinating native species helps us appreciate the incredible diversity hidden within our local ecosystems.

A True Maine Native

Orono sedge is native to the United States and has an extremely limited range—it’s found only in Maine. This makes it what botanists call an endemic species, meaning it exists naturally nowhere else on Earth. Talk about local pride! The plant gets its name from Orono, Maine, likely reflecting where it was first discovered or studied.

As a member of the sedge family (Cyperaceae), Orono sedge is what we call a graminoid—a grass-like plant that shares characteristics with grasses, rushes, and other similar species. These plants often form the backbone of wetland and grassland ecosystems.

Why This Plant Deserves Our Attention

Here’s where things get serious: Orono sedge has a Global Conservation Status of S3, which means it’s considered Vulnerable. In plain terms, this plant is at risk. Scientists estimate there are likely only 21 to 100 occurrences of this species, or between 3,000 and 10,000 individual plants total. That’s incredibly rare!

This rarity status means that Orono sedge is either:

  • Very rare and local throughout its already tiny range
  • Found only in very specific, restricted habitats
  • Vulnerable to disappearing entirely due to habitat loss or other threats

Should You Grow Orono Sedge?

Here’s the honest truth: you probably shouldn’t try to grow Orono sedge, and here’s why. Due to its extremely vulnerable status, any cultivation should only be attempted with plant material that has been responsibly sourced through proper conservation channels—never collected from wild populations.

Since this species is so rare, very little is known about its specific growing requirements, garden performance, or aesthetic qualities. Most rare sedges prefer specific soil conditions, moisture levels, and companion plants that can be difficult to replicate in typical garden settings.

Better Alternatives for Your Garden

Instead of trying to grow this rare treasure, consider supporting Maine’s native plant diversity by choosing other native sedges that are more readily available and better suited for cultivation. Many Carex species make excellent garden plants and provide similar ecological benefits without the conservation concerns.

Some great native sedge alternatives include other Maine native Carex species that are more common and garden-friendly. These can provide the same grass-like texture and ecological benefits while supporting local wildlife.

Supporting Conservation

The best way to help Orono sedge is to support habitat conservation in Maine and be mindful of rare plant populations. If you’re ever lucky enough to encounter this species in the wild, observe and photograph it, but never disturb or collect it.

By choosing common native plants for our gardens and supporting conservation efforts for rare species like Orono sedge, we can help ensure that Maine’s unique botanical heritage survives for future generations to discover and appreciate.

Orono Sedge

Classification

Group

Monocot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Liliopsida - Monocotyledons

Subclass

Commelinidae

Order

Cyperales

Family

Cyperaceae Juss. - Sedge family

Genus

Carex L. - sedge

Species

Carex oronensis Fernald - Orono sedge

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA