North America Native Plant

Orange Lichen

Botanical name: Caloplaca verruculifera

USDA symbol: CAVE18

Habit: lichen

Native status: Native to North America  

Orange Lichen: The Colorful Crusty Companion You Never Knew You Had Have you ever noticed those bright orange, crusty patches growing on rocks, tree bark, or old fences around your garden? Meet the orange lichen, scientifically known as Caloplaca verruculifera – a fascinating organism that’s probably been quietly decorating your ...

Orange Lichen: The Colorful Crusty Companion You Never Knew You Had

Have you ever noticed those bright orange, crusty patches growing on rocks, tree bark, or old fences around your garden? Meet the orange lichen, scientifically known as Caloplaca verruculifera – a fascinating organism that’s probably been quietly decorating your outdoor spaces without you even realizing it!

What Exactly Is Orange Lichen?

Here’s where things get really cool: orange lichen isn’t actually a plant at all! It’s what scientists call a composite organism – basically a partnership between a fungus and algae (and sometimes cyanobacteria too). Think of it as nature’s ultimate roommate situation, where each partner brings something valuable to the table. The fungus provides structure and protection, while the algae handles the food production through photosynthesis.

This particular species, Caloplaca verruculifera, is native to North America and belongs to a group of lichens known for their vibrant orange to yellow-orange coloration. The name Caloplaca literally means beautiful patch, which is pretty fitting when you see these bright spots dotting the landscape!

Where You’ll Find Orange Lichen

Orange lichen is a native species throughout North America, though specific distribution details for this particular species are not well-documented in accessible sources. Like most lichens, it tends to pop up in places where other plants might struggle – on bare rock faces, concrete walls, metal surfaces, and the bark of trees.

Is Orange Lichen Good for Your Garden?

While you can’t exactly plant orange lichen like you would a tomato or rose bush, its presence is actually a wonderful sign! Here’s why having orange lichen around is beneficial:

  • Air quality indicator: Lichens are sensitive to air pollution, so their presence suggests you have relatively clean air in your area
  • Adds natural color: That bright orange hue can provide unexpected pops of color on otherwise drab surfaces
  • Low maintenance beauty: They require absolutely no care from you – they’re the ultimate low-maintenance garden residents
  • Erosion prevention: On rocks and soil, they help prevent erosion by binding surfaces together

How to Identify Orange Lichen

Spotting orange lichen is usually pretty straightforward thanks to its distinctive characteristics:

  • Color: Bright orange to yellow-orange, though it may appear more muted when dry
  • Texture: Crusty or powdery appearance, often described as warty (hence the name verruculifera, which refers to small wart-like structures)
  • Location: Typically found on hard surfaces like rocks, concrete, or tree bark
  • Growth pattern: Forms patches or crusts that can range from small spots to larger colonies

Living Alongside Orange Lichen

The beauty of orange lichen is that it asks for nothing from you as a gardener. You can’t really cultivate it, move it, or control where it grows – and that’s perfectly fine! It will appear where conditions are right and disappear if they change. This makes it more of a delightful garden visitor than a garden resident you need to manage.

If you’re lucky enough to have orange lichen gracing your garden surfaces, consider it a badge of honor. It means your outdoor space is healthy enough to support these fascinating organisms. Just let them be, and enjoy the unexpected splash of color they bring to your landscape!

Remember, lichens grow very slowly – sometimes just a few millimeters per year – so that patch you’re looking at might have been developing for years or even decades. Pretty amazing when you think about it, right?

Orange Lichen

Classification

Group

Lichen

Kingdom

Fungi - Fungi

Subkingdom
Superdivision
Division

Ascomycota - Sac fungi

Subdivision
Class

Ascomycetes

Subclass
Order

Teloschistales

Family

Teloschistaceae Zahlbr.

Genus

Caloplaca Th. Fr. - orange lichen

Species

Caloplaca verruculifera (Vain.) Zahlbr. - orange lichen

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA