North America Native Plant

Orange Lichen

Botanical name: Caloplaca fraudans

USDA symbol: CAFR16

Habit: lichen

Native status: Native to North America  

Orange Lichen (Caloplaca fraudans): A Colorful Natural Wonder in Your Garden Have you ever noticed small patches of bright orange or yellow-orange coloring on rocks, tree bark, or other surfaces in your yard? You might be looking at orange lichen, scientifically known as Caloplaca fraudans. While you can’t exactly plant ...

Orange Lichen (Caloplaca fraudans): A Colorful Natural Wonder in Your Garden

Have you ever noticed small patches of bright orange or yellow-orange coloring on rocks, tree bark, or other surfaces in your yard? You might be looking at orange lichen, scientifically known as Caloplaca fraudans. While you can’t exactly plant this fascinating organism, understanding what it is and appreciating its role in your landscape can add a whole new dimension to your gardening perspective.

What Exactly Is Orange Lichen?

Here’s where things get interesting – orange lichen isn’t actually a plant at all! It’s a remarkable partnership between a fungus and algae (or sometimes cyanobacteria) that work together as one organism. This cooperative relationship, called symbiosis, allows lichens to thrive in places where neither partner could survive alone.

Caloplaca fraudans is native to North America and belongs to a group of lichens known for their vibrant orange and yellow colors. These hardy little organisms have been quietly decorating our landscapes for centuries, often going unnoticed by gardeners focused on more traditional plants.

Identifying Orange Lichen in Your Garden

Spotting Caloplaca fraudans is easier than you might think once you know what to look for:

  • Bright orange to yellow-orange coloration
  • Crusty, somewhat powdery appearance
  • Forms small patches or spots on surfaces
  • Typically found on rocks, concrete, or sometimes tree bark
  • Appears flat against the surface it’s growing on

Is Orange Lichen Beneficial for Your Garden?

While orange lichen won’t attract butterflies or produce beautiful blooms, it does offer some subtle benefits to your outdoor space:

  • Adds natural color and texture to otherwise plain surfaces
  • Indicates good air quality – lichens are sensitive to pollution
  • Provides food for certain small insects and wildlife
  • Contributes to the natural ecosystem of your yard
  • Requires absolutely no maintenance or care from you

Should You Encourage Orange Lichen?

The beauty of orange lichen is that you don’t need to do anything to grow it. If conditions are right, it will appear naturally. You can’t purchase it at a nursery or propagate it like traditional plants. Instead, think of it as nature’s way of adding free, maintenance-free decoration to your landscape.

If you’re fortunate enough to have orange lichen appearing in your garden, consider it a sign of a healthy outdoor environment. There’s no need to remove it unless it’s growing somewhere you’d prefer it not to be – and even then, it’s generally harmless and quite difficult to eliminate completely.

Living Alongside Orange Lichen

Rather than trying to cultivate orange lichen, the best approach is simply to appreciate it when it appears. It grows extremely slowly and is quite resilient once established. You might notice it becoming more vibrant during humid weather and appearing somewhat dormant during dry spells.

If you’re designing a natural or native garden, orange lichen can be a wonderful complement to your planted species, adding authentic wild character to stone walls, rock gardens, or natural areas of your landscape.

So the next time you spot those cheerful orange patches around your garden, take a moment to appreciate this remarkable organism that’s been quietly enriching North American landscapes long before any of us started gardening. Orange lichen reminds us that some of the most interesting aspects of our outdoor spaces are the ones that show up on their own, no planting required!

Orange Lichen

Classification

Group

Lichen

Kingdom

Fungi - Fungi

Subkingdom
Superdivision
Division

Ascomycota - Sac fungi

Subdivision
Class

Ascomycetes

Subclass
Order

Teloschistales

Family

Teloschistaceae Zahlbr.

Genus

Caloplaca Th. Fr. - orange lichen

Species

Caloplaca fraudans (Th. Fr.) H. Olivier - orange lichen

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA