North America Native Plant

Oneflower Flatsedge

Botanical name: Cyperus retroflexus

USDA symbol: CYRE14

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: grass

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Cyperus uniflorus Torr. & Hook., non Thunb. (CYUN2)   

Oneflower Flatsedge: A Humble Native Sedge for Natural Landscapes Meet the oneflower flatsedge (Cyperus retroflexus), a modest but valuable native sedge that deserves a spot in your natural landscape toolkit. While it may not win any beauty contests, this unassuming perennial grass-like plant brings genuine ecological value to gardens across ...

Oneflower Flatsedge: A Humble Native Sedge for Natural Landscapes

Meet the oneflower flatsedge (Cyperus retroflexus), a modest but valuable native sedge that deserves a spot in your natural landscape toolkit. While it may not win any beauty contests, this unassuming perennial grass-like plant brings genuine ecological value to gardens across the south-central and southeastern United States.

What Is Oneflower Flatsedge?

Oneflower flatsedge is a native sedge belonging to the Cyperaceae family, which makes it a close relative of grasses but with some distinct differences. This perennial plant gets its name from its characteristic single flower spike, though don’t expect showy blooms – sedges are more about function than flash. You might also encounter it under its synonym Cyperus uniflorus in older references.

As a true native, oneflower flatsedge has been quietly doing its job in American ecosystems long before European settlement, developing deep relationships with local wildlife and adapting perfectly to regional growing conditions.

Where Does It Grow Naturally?

This adaptable sedge calls the lower 48 states home, with confirmed populations across a substantial swath of the country. You’ll find it naturally occurring in Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, Kansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, New Jersey, New Mexico, Oklahoma, and Texas.

This broad distribution hints at oneflower flatsedge’s adaptability – it’s clearly not a picky plant when it comes to regional climate variations.

Should You Plant Oneflower Flatsedge?

Here’s the honest truth: oneflower flatsedge isn’t going to be the star of your garden show. But if you’re creating naturalized areas, working on erosion control, or building habitat for wildlife, this humble sedge has some compelling qualities:

  • **Native credentials**: Supporting local ecosystems by choosing plants that evolved here
  • **Low maintenance**: Once established, it pretty much takes care of itself
  • **Wildlife value**: Seeds provide food for birds, and the plant offers nesting material
  • **Erosion control**: The root system helps stabilize soil
  • **Water management**: Excellent for areas that occasionally flood or stay moist

Growing Conditions and Care

Oneflower flatsedge thrives in USDA hardiness zones 6 through 10, making it suitable for a wide range of climates. Here’s what this sedge prefers:

  • **Moisture**: Moist to wet soils are ideal, though it can handle some drought once established
  • **Light**: Full sun to partial shade – quite flexible
  • **Soil**: Not particularly fussy, but appreciates consistently moist conditions
  • **Maintenance**: Minimal – this is a plant it and forget it species

Perfect Garden Situations

While oneflower flatsedge might not work in formal flower borders, it shines in these landscape situations:

  • **Rain gardens**: Excellent for managing stormwater runoff
  • **Native plant gardens**: Adds authentic local character
  • **Naturalized areas**: Perfect for low-maintenance meadow-style plantings
  • **Erosion-prone slopes**: The root system helps prevent soil loss
  • **Pond edges**: Natural choice for water feature margins

Planting and Care Tips

Growing oneflower flatsedge is refreshingly straightforward:

  • **Planting**: Spring is ideal, though fall works too in milder climates
  • **Spacing**: Allow plants room to spread naturally
  • **Watering**: Keep consistently moist the first season, then let nature take over
  • **Fertilizing**: Unnecessary – native soils provide everything it needs
  • **Pruning**: Optional cutting back in late winter if you prefer a tidy look

The Bottom Line

Oneflower flatsedge won’t win any most beautiful garden plant awards, but it excels where it counts for ecological gardening. If you’re creating natural habitat, managing wet areas, or simply want to support native plant communities, this humble sedge deserves consideration. It’s the kind of plant that works quietly behind the scenes, providing ecosystem services while asking very little in return.

Consider oneflower flatsedge as part of a diverse native plant community rather than a standalone specimen. Pair it with other regional natives for a landscape that truly supports local wildlife while requiring minimal input from you – now that’s what we call a gardening win-win!

Oneflower Flatsedge

Classification

Group

Monocot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Liliopsida - Monocotyledons

Subclass

Commelinidae

Order

Cyperales

Family

Cyperaceae Juss. - Sedge family

Genus

Cyperus L. - flatsedge

Species

Cyperus retroflexus Buckley - oneflower flatsedge

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA