North America Native Plant

‘olena

Botanical name: Coprosma waimeae

USDA symbol: COWA4

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: shrub

Native status: Native to Hawaii  

‘Olena (Coprosma waimeae): A Rare Hawaiian Treasure Worth Protecting If you’re passionate about preserving Hawaii’s unique native flora, you’ve probably heard whispers about ‘olena—not the turmeric you might be thinking of, but Coprosma waimeae, one of Hawaii’s most vulnerable native shrubs. This little-known gem deserves a spot in every conservation-minded ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S3: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals ⚘

‘Olena (Coprosma waimeae): A Rare Hawaiian Treasure Worth Protecting

If you’re passionate about preserving Hawaii’s unique native flora, you’ve probably heard whispers about ‘olena—not the turmeric you might be thinking of, but Coprosma waimeae, one of Hawaii’s most vulnerable native shrubs. This little-known gem deserves a spot in every conservation-minded gardener’s heart, even if it’s not the easiest plant to grow.

What Makes ‘Olena Special?

Coprosma waimeae is a perennial shrub that’s as Hawaiian as it gets—this species is found nowhere else on Earth. As a member of the coffee family (Rubiaceae), it’s quite different from the turmeric that shares its common name. This multi-stemmed woody plant typically stays under 13-16 feet tall, making it a perfect understory addition to native Hawaiian landscapes.

Where Does ‘Olena Call Home?

This endemic treasure is exclusive to Hawaii, where it grows in the cooler, high-elevation areas of the islands. You won’t find this beauty growing wild in your backyard unless you happen to live in Hawaii’s unique mountainous regions.

A Plant in Need: Understanding Its Vulnerable Status

Here’s where things get serious, fellow plant lovers. ‘Olena carries a Global Conservation Status of S3, meaning it’s considered vulnerable. With only 21 to 100 known occurrences and an estimated 3,000 to 10,000 individuals remaining in the wild, this shrub is walking a tightrope toward extinction.

Important note: If you’re considering adding ‘olena to your garden, please ensure you source it responsibly from reputable native plant nurseries or conservation programs. Never collect from wild populations—every plant counts!

Why Grow ‘Olena?

Despite the challenges, there are compelling reasons to include this rare shrub in your landscape:

  • Conservation hero: Every garden-grown ‘olena helps preserve genetic diversity
  • Authentically Hawaiian: Perfect for native habitat restoration projects
  • Understory excellence: Provides natural layering in native plant communities
  • Erosion control: Those multiple stems help stabilize soil on slopes

The Reality Check: Growing Challenges

Let’s be honest—’olena isn’t your typical garden center pick-up. This shrub has very specific needs that mirror its natural high-elevation Hawaiian habitat. It thrives in cool, misty conditions that are hard to replicate outside of its native range.

Growing Conditions: What ‘Olena Craves

Success with ‘olena requires recreating a slice of Hawaii’s cloud forests:

  • Climate: Cool, consistently moist conditions
  • Elevation: Performs best in higher elevation gardens
  • Soil: Well-draining but moisture-retentive soils
  • Light: Partial shade, protected from harsh sun
  • Humidity: High humidity levels essential

Planting and Care Tips

If you’re lucky enough to source ‘olena plants, here’s how to give them their best shot:

  • Choose a protected spot with morning sun and afternoon shade
  • Ensure excellent drainage while maintaining consistent moisture
  • Mulch around the base to retain humidity and suppress weeds
  • Avoid fertilizers—native plants prefer lean soils
  • Water regularly but avoid waterlogging
  • Protect from strong winds that can damage delicate branches

Garden Design Role

In the right setting, ‘olena serves as an excellent understory shrub in native Hawaiian plant communities. Its moderate size makes it perfect for filling the middle layer between ground covers and taller native trees. Consider pairing it with other native Hawaiian species for an authentic ecosystem approach.

The Bottom Line

Growing ‘olena isn’t for the casual gardener, but for those committed to Hawaiian native plant conservation, it’s a worthy challenge. This vulnerable species needs all the help it can get, and responsible cultivation could play a crucial role in its survival.

Remember: if you can’t provide the specific conditions this plant needs, consider supporting ‘olena conservation through donations to native plant preservation organizations instead. Sometimes the best way to help a rare plant is to ensure its wild habitat remains protected.

Whether you decide to grow it or simply learn about it, ‘olena represents the irreplaceable natural heritage of Hawaii—and that’s worth celebrating and protecting for generations to come.

‘olena

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Rubiales

Family

Rubiaceae Juss. - Madder family

Genus

Coprosma J.R. Forst. & G. Forst. - mirrorplant

Species

Coprosma waimeae Wawra - 'olena

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA