North America Native Plant

Old Wood Rimmed Lichen

Botanical name: Lecanactis dubia

USDA symbol: LEDU2

Habit: lichen

Native status: Native to North America  

Old Wood Rimmed Lichen: A Fascinating Natural Inhabitant of Your Trees Have you ever noticed crusty, grayish patches with tiny black dots scattered across the bark of your mature trees? You might be looking at the old wood rimmed lichen, scientifically known as Lecanactis dubia. This fascinating organism isn’t actually ...

Old Wood Rimmed Lichen: A Fascinating Natural Inhabitant of Your Trees

Have you ever noticed crusty, grayish patches with tiny black dots scattered across the bark of your mature trees? You might be looking at the old wood rimmed lichen, scientifically known as Lecanactis dubia. This fascinating organism isn’t actually a plant at all – it’s a lichen, which makes it quite different from the typical flowering plants and shrubs we usually discuss in gardening circles.

What Exactly Is Old Wood Rimmed Lichen?

Lichens like Lecanactis dubia are remarkable partnerships between fungi and algae (or sometimes cyanobacteria). Think of them as nature’s ultimate roommates – the fungus provides structure and protection, while the algae produces food through photosynthesis. This old wood rimmed lichen is native to North America and has been quietly decorating tree bark in our forests for countless years.

The old wood part of its common name gives you a hint about where you’ll find it – this lichen prefers mature trees with well-established bark, particularly in deciduous and mixed forests throughout eastern North America.

How to Identify Old Wood Rimmed Lichen

Spotting Lecanactis dubia is easier once you know what to look for:

  • Forms crusty, pale gray to whitish patches directly on tree bark
  • Features distinctive black-rimmed circular structures called apothecia (these are the lichen’s fruiting bodies)
  • Appears as thin, crusty growths that seem to melt into the bark surface
  • Typically found on the bark of mature deciduous trees
  • Most commonly seen in areas with good air quality

Is Old Wood Rimmed Lichen Beneficial in Your Garden?

While you can’t plant or cultivate old wood rimmed lichen like you would a flower or shrub, its presence in your garden is actually a wonderful sign! Here’s why you should appreciate this natural resident:

  • Air quality indicator: Lichens are sensitive to air pollution, so finding them means your garden enjoys relatively clean air
  • Ecosystem health: They contribute to the overall biodiversity of your landscape
  • Natural beauty: These crusty growths add subtle texture and natural character to tree bark
  • Habitat creation: While small, they provide microhabitats for tiny insects and other organisms

Understanding Lichen Care in Your Garden

The beauty of lichens like Lecanactis dubia is that they require absolutely no care from you – in fact, they prefer to be left completely alone! Here’s what creates ideal conditions for these natural inhabitants:

  • Clean air: Avoid using chemical sprays near trees where lichens grow
  • Mature trees: Lichens need time to establish, so older trees are their preferred homes
  • Natural conditions: They thrive in environments with moderate to high humidity
  • Minimal disturbance: Avoid scraping or cleaning bark where lichens are growing

Should You Be Concerned About Lichen on Your Trees?

Here’s a common misconception: lichens don’t harm trees! They’re simply using the bark as a surface to grow on, much like how moss might grow on a rock. Lecanactis dubia and other bark lichens are completely harmless to their host trees and are actually indicators of a healthy ecosystem.

If you notice these crusty, gray patches with black-rimmed dots appearing on your mature trees, consider yourself lucky to have such interesting natural tenants. They’re contributing to your garden’s ecological richness in ways you might never have imagined.

The Bottom Line

Old wood rimmed lichen represents one of nature’s most successful partnerships, quietly enhancing the biodiversity of your landscape. While you can’t plant it or direct its growth, you can appreciate its presence as a sign of environmental health and natural beauty. The next time you’re walking through your garden, take a moment to look closely at your tree bark – you might just discover these fascinating organisms have been your garden companions all along!

Old Wood Rimmed Lichen

Classification

Group

Lichen

Kingdom

Fungi - Fungi

Subkingdom
Superdivision
Division

Ascomycota - Sac fungi

Subdivision
Class

Ascomycetes

Subclass
Order

Opegraphales

Family

Opegraphaceae Stizenb.

Genus

Lecanactis Körb. - old wood rimmed lichen

Species

Lecanactis dubia G. Merr. - old wood rimmed lichen

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA