North America Native Plant

October Lady’s Tresses

Botanical name: Spiranthes ovalis var. erostellata

USDA symbol: SPOVE

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to Canada âš˜ Native to the lower 48 states  

October Lady’s Tresses: A Delicate Native Orchid Worth Seeking If you’re looking to add a touch of understated elegance to your native garden, October lady’s tresses (Spiranthes ovalis var. erostellata) might just be the hidden gem you’ve been searching for. This charming native orchid brings late-season beauty when many other ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Arkansas

Status: S1: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Critically Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 5 or fewer occurrences or very few remaining individuals (<1,000) ⚘

October Lady’s Tresses: A Delicate Native Orchid Worth Seeking

If you’re looking to add a touch of understated elegance to your native garden, October lady’s tresses (Spiranthes ovalis var. erostellata) might just be the hidden gem you’ve been searching for. This charming native orchid brings late-season beauty when many other wildflowers are calling it quits for the year.

What Makes October Lady’s Tresses Special?

October lady’s tresses is a perennial forb that belongs to North America’s native orchid family. Don’t expect the flashy blooms you’d find at a flower shop – this beauty is all about subtle charm. The plant produces delicate white flowers arranged in a distinctive spiral pattern along a slender spike, creating an almost ethereal appearance in the autumn landscape.

As a native species, this orchid has been quietly thriving across eastern and central North America long before European settlement. It’s perfectly adapted to local conditions and plays an important role in supporting native ecosystems.

Where October Lady’s Tresses Calls Home

This native orchid has an impressive range, naturally occurring across a wide swath of North America. You can find it growing wild in Alabama, Arkansas, Ontario, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Michigan, Mississippi, Missouri, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, West Virginia, and Wisconsin.

A Word of Caution: Rarity Matters

Before you get too excited about adding this orchid to your garden, there’s something important to know. October lady’s tresses is considered rare in Arkansas, where it holds an S1 rarity status – meaning it’s critically imperiled in that state. If you’re determined to grow this beauty, please ensure you source plants or seeds from reputable native plant nurseries that propagate their stock responsibly. Never collect from wild populations.

Garden Design and Landscape Role

October lady’s tresses isn’t your typical garden showstopper, and that’s exactly what makes it perfect for certain landscape situations. This orchid shines in:

  • Native plant gardens focused on local flora
  • Prairie restoration projects
  • Woodland edge plantings
  • Naturalistic landscapes that mimic wild ecosystems

The plant’s modest stature and late-season blooming period make it an excellent companion for other native perennials. It adds texture and interest without overwhelming more prominent plantings.

Supporting Pollinators and Wildlife

Like many native orchids, October lady’s tresses has co-evolved with local pollinators over thousands of years. The flowers attract small native bees and other pollinators, providing them with nectar during the autumn months when food sources can be scarce. By planting native orchids like this one, you’re supporting the intricate web of relationships that keep our ecosystems healthy.

Growing October Lady’s Tresses: Not for the Faint of Heart

Let’s be honest – native orchids aren’t exactly beginner plants. October lady’s tresses can be challenging to establish and maintain in cultivation. Based on its wide geographic distribution, this orchid likely grows in USDA hardiness zones 4 through 9, but successful cultivation requires more than just the right climate.

While specific growing requirements for this variety aren’t well-documented, most Spiranthes species prefer:

  • Well-draining soil that doesn’t stay soggy
  • Partial shade to full sun conditions
  • Minimal soil disturbance once established
  • Patience – lots and lots of patience

The Bottom Line

October lady’s tresses is a fascinating native orchid that deserves a place in specialized native gardens, but it’s not a plant for every gardener or every situation. If you’re an experienced native plant enthusiast looking for a challenge, and you can source plants responsibly, this delicate beauty could be a rewarding addition to your landscape. Just remember that with its rarity status comes responsibility – we need to protect and preserve these botanical treasures for future generations to appreciate.

For most gardeners, admiring October lady’s tresses in its natural habitat or in specialized botanical gardens might be the best way to appreciate this remarkable native orchid.

October Lady’s Tresses

Classification

Group

Monocot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Liliopsida - Monocotyledons

Subclass

Liliidae

Order

Orchidales

Family

Orchidaceae Juss. - Orchid family

Genus

Spiranthes Rich. - lady's tresses

Species

Spiranthes ovalis Lindl. - October lady's tresses

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA