North America Native Plant

Oahu Pilo Kea

Botanical name: Platydesma cornuta var. decurrens

USDA symbol: PLCOD

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: shrub

Native status: Native to Hawaii  

Oahu Pilo Kea: A Rare Hawaiian Native Worth Protecting Meet the Oahu pilo kea (Platydesma cornuta var. decurrens), one of Hawaii’s most endangered native plants. This rare shrub represents both the incredible biodiversity of the Hawaiian Islands and the urgent need for plant conservation efforts. What Makes This Plant Special ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: United States

Status: S1T1: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Critically Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 5 or fewer occurrences or very few remaining individuals (<1,000) ⚘ Subspecies or variety is critically Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 5 or fewer occurrences or very few remaining individuals (<1,000) ⚘ Endangered: In danger of extinction throughout all or a significant portion of its range. ⚘

Region: United States

Oahu Pilo Kea: A Rare Hawaiian Native Worth Protecting

Meet the Oahu pilo kea (Platydesma cornuta var. decurrens), one of Hawaii’s most endangered native plants. This rare shrub represents both the incredible biodiversity of the Hawaiian Islands and the urgent need for plant conservation efforts.

What Makes This Plant Special

The Oahu pilo kea is a perennial shrub that’s exclusively native to Hawaii, making it a true island endemic. As a multi-stemmed woody plant, it typically grows less than 13 to 16 feet in height, with several stems arising from or near the ground. Under certain environmental conditions, it may grow taller or develop a single stem.

Where Does It Grow?

This remarkable plant is found only in Hawaii, specifically on the island of Oahu. Its extremely limited distribution is part of what makes it so precious—and so vulnerable.

Conservation Status: A Critical Concern

Here’s where things get serious: the Oahu pilo kea has a Global Conservation Status of S1T1 and is listed as Endangered. This means the plant is at extreme risk of extinction, with very few individuals remaining in the wild.

Important note for gardeners: Due to its endangered status, this plant should not be cultivated by home gardeners. Any propagation or cultivation efforts should be left to professional botanists, conservation organizations, and botanical gardens with proper permits and expertise.

Why This Plant Matters

While we can’t recommend planting the Oahu pilo kea in your garden, understanding its importance helps us appreciate Hawaii’s unique native flora. Endemic plants like this one:

  • Represent millions of years of isolated evolution
  • Support native Hawaiian ecosystems
  • Likely provide benefits to native pollinators and wildlife
  • Contribute to Hawaii’s irreplaceable natural heritage

How You Can Help

Instead of trying to grow this endangered beauty, consider these alternatives:

  • Support Hawaiian plant conservation organizations
  • Choose other native Hawaiian plants that are not endangered for your garden
  • Visit botanical gardens where conservation efforts are underway
  • Spread awareness about Hawaii’s endangered flora

Growing Conditions (For Conservation Purposes Only)

While specific growing requirements for the Oahu pilo kea aren’t well-documented publicly, it likely requires the specialized conditions of its native Hawaiian habitat. As a tropical plant, it would only survive in USDA hardiness zones 10-11, but successful cultivation requires far more than just the right temperature.

Professional conservation efforts focus on understanding and replicating the exact soil, moisture, and ecological conditions this plant needs to survive and thrive.

The Bottom Line

The Oahu pilo kea serves as a powerful reminder of what we stand to lose when native habitats disappear. While this isn’t a plant for your backyard garden, it’s absolutely a plant worth protecting. By supporting conservation efforts and choosing responsibly sourced native plants for our own gardens, we can all play a part in preserving Hawaii’s incredible botanical heritage.

Remember: when a plant is this rare, the best thing we can do is admire it from afar and support the experts working tirelessly to bring it back from the brink of extinction.

Oahu Pilo Kea

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Rosidae

Order

Sapindales

Family

Rutaceae Juss. - Rue family

Genus

Platydesma H. Mann - platydesma

Species

Platydesma cornuta Hillebr. - Oahu pilo kea

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA