North America Native Plant

Oahu Melicope

Botanical name: Melicope oahuensis

USDA symbol: MEOA

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: shrub

Native status: Native to Hawaii  

Synonyms: Pelea lucens (Hillebr.) H. St. John (PELU2)  âš˜  Pelea oahuensis Levl. (PEOA2)   

Oahu Melicope: A Rare Hawaiian Native Worth Protecting in Your Garden If you’re passionate about Hawaiian native plants and conservation gardening, the Oahu melicope (Melicope oahuensis) deserves a spot on your radar. This unique shrub represents something special in the world of native Hawaiian flora – a plant that’s both ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S3: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals ⚘

Oahu Melicope: A Rare Hawaiian Native Worth Protecting in Your Garden

If you’re passionate about Hawaiian native plants and conservation gardening, the Oahu melicope (Melicope oahuensis) deserves a spot on your radar. This unique shrub represents something special in the world of native Hawaiian flora – a plant that’s both beautiful and critically important to preserve.

What Makes Oahu Melicope Special

The Oahu melicope is a perennial shrub that’s endemic to the island of Oahu, meaning it exists nowhere else on Earth. As a multi-stemmed woody plant, it typically grows less than 13 to 16 feet in height, though it can sometimes reach greater heights or develop a single stem depending on environmental conditions.

You might also encounter this plant listed under its scientific synonyms: Pelea lucens or Pelea oahuensis in older botanical references.

Where You’ll Find It Growing Wild

This Hawaiian native is found exclusively in Hawaii, specifically on the island of Oahu. In its natural habitat, the Oahu melicope typically grows in mesic to wet forest conditions, usually in non-wetland areas though it may occasionally appear in wetland environments.

A Plant That Needs Our Help

Here’s the important part: Oahu melicope has a Global Conservation Status of S3, meaning it’s considered vulnerable to extinction. With typically only 21 to 100 occurrences and between 3,000 to 10,000 individuals remaining, this species faces real conservation challenges.

If you’re considering adding this plant to your garden, please ensure you source it responsibly from reputable native plant nurseries or conservation organizations. Never collect from wild populations.

Growing Conditions and Care

Based on its natural habitat preferences, Oahu melicope likely thrives in:

  • USDA hardiness zones 10-12 (tropical conditions)
  • Partial shade to filtered sunlight
  • Well-draining but consistently moist soil
  • Higher humidity levels typical of Hawaiian mesic forests

As a facultative upland species, it’s adaptable to various moisture conditions but generally prefers non-wetland environments.

Why Choose Oahu Melicope for Your Garden

There are several compelling reasons to consider this rare native:

  • Conservation impact: Growing this species helps preserve Hawaiian biodiversity
  • Authentic landscaping: Perfect for creating genuine Hawaiian native plant gardens
  • Unique heritage: You’ll be growing a plant found nowhere else on Earth
  • Educational value: Great conversation starter about Hawaiian conservation

Garden Design Ideas

Oahu melicope works beautifully in:

  • Hawaiian native plant collections
  • Conservation-focused landscapes
  • Understory plantings in tropical gardens
  • Educational or demonstration gardens

The Bottom Line

While information about cultivation specifics remains limited due to this plant’s rarity, the Oahu melicope represents an incredible opportunity for dedicated native plant enthusiasts. By choosing to grow this vulnerable species – with responsibly sourced material – you’re not just adding a unique plant to your garden; you’re participating in conservation efforts to protect Hawaii’s irreplaceable botanical heritage.

Remember: always work with reputable sources and never collect from wild populations. Every responsibly grown Oahu melicope in cultivation helps ensure this remarkable Hawaiian endemic has a future.

Oahu Melicope

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Rosidae

Order

Sapindales

Family

Rutaceae Juss. - Rue family

Genus

Melicope (J.R. Forst. & G. Forst.) T.G. Hartley & B.C. Stone - melicope

Species

Melicope oahuensis (Levl.) T.G. Hartley & B.C. Stone - Oahu melicope

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA