North America Native Plant

Nuttall’s Toothwort

Botanical name: Cardamine nuttallii var. dissecta

USDA symbol: CANUD

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Cardamine tenella (Pursh) O.E. Schultz var. dissecta O.E. Schultz (CATED)   

Nuttall’s Toothwort: A Delicate Spring Beauty for Pacific Northwest Gardens If you’re looking to add some early spring magic to your Pacific Northwest garden, Nuttall’s toothwort (Cardamine nuttallii var. dissecta) might just be the delicate wildflower you didn’t know you needed. This charming native perennial brings a touch of woodland ...

Nuttall’s Toothwort: A Delicate Spring Beauty for Pacific Northwest Gardens

If you’re looking to add some early spring magic to your Pacific Northwest garden, Nuttall’s toothwort (Cardamine nuttallii var. dissecta) might just be the delicate wildflower you didn’t know you needed. This charming native perennial brings a touch of woodland elegance with its pristine white flowers and finely cut foliage.

What Makes Nuttall’s Toothwort Special

Nuttall’s toothwort is a true Pacific Northwest native, naturally found across California, Oregon, and Washington. As a member of the mustard family, this herbaceous perennial forb has earned its place in the hearts of native plant enthusiasts who appreciate its understated beauty and ecological value.

The variety dissecta is particularly notable for its deeply divided, almost feathery leaves that give the plant a delicate, lacy appearance. When spring arrives, clusters of small white flowers with four petals emerge, creating a subtle but striking display that signals winter’s end.

Garden Appeal and Landscape Role

This isn’t a plant that screams for attention – and that’s exactly its charm. Nuttall’s toothwort works beautifully as:

  • A woodland groundcover that naturalizes over time
  • An addition to native plant gardens focused on regional flora
  • A spring ephemeral that provides early season interest before going dormant
  • A companion plant for ferns, trilliums, and other shade-loving natives

It’s particularly well-suited for naturalistic woodland gardens, shade gardens, and areas where you want to recreate the feeling of a Pacific Northwest forest floor.

Wildlife and Pollinator Benefits

As an early blooming native, Nuttall’s toothwort provides crucial nectar for small pollinators emerging from winter dormancy. The flowers attract tiny bees, beneficial flies, and other small insects when few other food sources are available. This makes it an valuable addition to any pollinator-friendly garden focused on native species.

Growing Conditions and Care

Nuttall’s toothwort thrives in conditions that mimic its natural woodland habitat:

  • Light: Partial to full shade
  • Soil: Moist, well-draining soil rich in organic matter
  • Water: Regular moisture during growing season, can tolerate some summer dryness when dormant
  • Hardiness: USDA zones 6-9

Planting and Care Tips

Growing Nuttall’s toothwort successfully means understanding its natural rhythm:

  • Plant in fall: This gives the roots time to establish before spring growth
  • Provide winter chill: Like many spring ephemerals, it requires cold winter temperatures to bloom properly
  • Expect dormancy: The plant naturally goes dormant in summer, so don’t panic when it disappears
  • Mulch lightly: A thin layer of leaf mold or compost helps retain moisture and suppress weeds
  • Be patient: It may take a year or two to establish and show its full potential

Is Nuttall’s Toothwort Right for Your Garden?

Consider adding Nuttall’s toothwort to your garden if you:

  • Live in the Pacific Northwest and want to support local native plant communities
  • Have a shaded area that could use some early spring interest
  • Appreciate subtle, naturalistic beauty over flashy displays
  • Want to provide early nectar sources for native pollinators
  • Enjoy plants that follow natural seasonal rhythms

However, this might not be the plant for you if you prefer year-round foliage or bold, colorful displays. Remember, this is a spring ephemeral that will disappear by midsummer.

Nuttall’s toothwort proves that sometimes the most rewarding garden plants are those that work quietly behind the scenes, supporting local ecosystems while adding their own gentle beauty to our landscapes. For Pacific Northwest gardeners looking to embrace their region’s natural heritage, this delicate native offers both ecological value and understated charm.

Nuttall’s Toothwort

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Dilleniidae

Order

Capparales

Family

Brassicaceae Burnett - Mustard family

Genus

Cardamine L. - bittercress

Species

Cardamine nuttallii Greene - Nuttall's toothwort

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA