North America Native Plant

Nuttall’s Quillwort

Botanical name: Isoetes nuttallii

USDA symbol: ISNU

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: grass

Native status: Native to Canada âš˜ Native to the lower 48 states  

Nuttall’s Quillwort: An Ancient Aquatic Wonder for Wetland Gardens Meet one of nature’s most fascinating living fossils – Nuttall’s quillwort (Isoetes nuttallii). This unassuming little plant might look like underwater grass, but it’s actually an ancient survivor that’s been around since the dinosaurs roamed the earth. If you’re wondering whether ...

Nuttall’s Quillwort: An Ancient Aquatic Wonder for Wetland Gardens

Meet one of nature’s most fascinating living fossils – Nuttall’s quillwort (Isoetes nuttallii). This unassuming little plant might look like underwater grass, but it’s actually an ancient survivor that’s been around since the dinosaurs roamed the earth. If you’re wondering whether this quirky aquatic native belongs in your garden, let’s dive into what makes this plant so special.

What Exactly Is Nuttall’s Quillwort?

Don’t let the name fool you – Nuttall’s quillwort isn’t actually a grass at all! It’s a member of an ancient group of spore-producing plants called quillworts. These living relics are more closely related to ferns than to the grasses they resemble. With their needle-like leaves emerging from an underwater base, they create small underwater forests in shallow ponds, lake margins, and wetlands.

This perennial graminoid (grass-like plant) stays relatively small and unobtrusive, making it perfect for specialized aquatic applications where you want authentic native character without overwhelming other plantings.

Where Does It Call Home?

As a proud native of western North America, Nuttall’s quillwort naturally occurs across British Columbia, California, Oregon, and Washington. It’s perfectly adapted to the unique climate and conditions of the Pacific Northwest and western mountain regions, making it an excellent choice for gardeners in these areas who want to support local ecosystems.

Should You Plant Nuttall’s Quillwort?

Here’s the thing about Nuttall’s quillwort – it’s definitely not your average garden plant! This specialized native is ideal for very specific situations:

  • Wetland restoration projects where authentic native species are essential
  • Naturalistic pond edges and bog gardens
  • Educational gardens showcasing plant evolution and biodiversity
  • Low-maintenance aquatic features where you want subtle, natural-looking vegetation

However, it might not be the best choice if you’re looking for showy flowers or dramatic foliage. This plant is all about quiet, understated beauty and ecological function.

Growing Conditions and Care

As an obligate wetland plant, Nuttall’s quillwort has very specific needs that make it quite different from typical garden plants:

  • Water requirements: Must have consistently wet to submerged conditions – this isn’t a plant that tolerates drought!
  • Habitat: Thrives in shallow water, pond margins, and permanently saturated soils
  • Hardiness: Well-adapted to USDA zones 6-9 based on its natural range
  • Maintenance: Extremely low-maintenance once established in the right conditions

The key to success is recreating its natural wetland habitat. Think shallow pond edges, bog gardens, or rain gardens that stay consistently moist.

Wildlife and Ecosystem Benefits

While Nuttall’s quillwort won’t attract pollinators (it reproduces via spores, not flowers), it provides valuable ecosystem services:

  • Creates underwater structure and habitat for aquatic insects and small fish
  • Helps stabilize pond and lake margins with its root system
  • Contributes to water quality by providing natural filtration
  • Supports biodiversity by maintaining authentic native plant communities

The Bottom Line

Nuttall’s quillwort is definitely a niche plant for specialized applications. If you’re creating a naturalistic wetland garden, restoring native habitat, or simply fascinated by ancient plant lineages, this little living fossil could be a perfect addition. Just remember that it requires consistently wet conditions and won’t provide the typical garden appeal of flowering plants.

For most gardeners, other native wetland plants might offer more visual interest, but for those seeking authentic ecological restoration or educational value, Nuttall’s quillwort represents a unique opportunity to grow a true piece of botanical history in your own backyard water feature.

Wetland Status

The rule of seasoned gardeners and landscapers is to choose the "right plant for the right place" matching plants to their ideal growing conditions, so they'll thrive with less work and fewer inputs. But the simplicity of this catchphrase conceals how tricky plant selection is. While tags list watering requirements, there's more to the story.

Knowing a plant's wetland status can simplify the process by revealing the interaction between plants, water, and soil. Surprisingly, many popular landscape plants are wetland species! And what may be a wetland plant in one area, in another it might thrive in drier conditions. Also, it helps you make smarter gardening choices and grow healthy plants with less care and feeding, saving you time, frustration, and money while producing an attractive garden with greater ecological benefits.

Regions
Status
Moisture Conditions

Arid West

OBL

Obligate Wetland - Plants with this status almost always occurs in wetlands

Western Mountains, Valleys, and Coast

OBL

Obligate Wetland - Plants with this status almost always occurs in wetlands

Nuttall’s Quillwort

Classification

Group

Quillwort

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision
Division

Lycopodiophyta - Lycopods

Subdivision
Class

Lycopodiopsida

Subclass
Order

Isoetales

Family

Isoetaceae Dumort. - Quillwort family

Genus

Isoetes L. - quillwort

Species

Isoetes nuttallii A. Braun ex Engelm. - Nuttall's quillwort

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA