North America Native Plant

Nuttall’s False Foxglove

Botanical name: Agalinis nuttallii

USDA symbol: AGNU

Life cycle: annual

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Gerardia longifolia Nutt. (GELO)   

Nuttall’s False Foxglove: A Rare Arkansas Native Worth Protecting If you’re drawn to rare botanical treasures and have a passion for conservation gardening, Nuttall’s false foxglove (Agalinis nuttallii) might just capture your heart. This delicate annual wildflower represents one of nature’s most exclusive offerings – a plant so specialized that ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: SHQ: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Uncertain taxonomy: ⚘ Possibly Extinct: Known only from historical occurrences. Still some hope of rediscovery ⚘

Nuttall’s False Foxglove: A Rare Arkansas Native Worth Protecting

If you’re drawn to rare botanical treasures and have a passion for conservation gardening, Nuttall’s false foxglove (Agalinis nuttallii) might just capture your heart. This delicate annual wildflower represents one of nature’s most exclusive offerings – a plant so specialized that it calls only Arkansas home.

What Makes This Plant Special

Nuttall’s false foxglove belongs to a fascinating group of plants once known by the synonym Gerardia longifolia. As an annual forb, this herbaceous beauty completes its entire life cycle in a single growing season, making each blooming period precious and fleeting. The plant produces charming tubular flowers in shades of pink to purple, supported by narrow, linear leaves that give it an airy, delicate appearance.

Where You’ll Find It (Or Won’t)

Here’s where things get really interesting – and a bit concerning. Agalinis nuttallii is endemic to Arkansas, meaning this entire species exists nowhere else on Earth. This incredibly limited geographic distribution makes it one of the rarest native plants in North America.

A Conservation Concern

With a Global Conservation Status of SHQ (undefined), Nuttall’s false foxglove sits in botanical limbo – we know it’s rare, but we need more research to fully understand its conservation needs. This uncertainty, combined with its tiny range, should raise red flags for any gardener interested in this species.

Should You Grow It?

The short answer is: probably not, unless you’re involved in legitimate conservation efforts. Here’s why:

  • Extreme rarity means wild populations are vulnerable
  • Limited availability through ethical sources
  • Specialized growing requirements that aren’t well understood
  • Annual nature means you’d need fresh seeds each year

If you’re determined to grow this species, only source seeds or plants from reputable native plant societies or botanical institutions involved in conservation work. Never collect from wild populations.

Growing Conditions and Care

Like many members of the false foxglove family, Agalinis nuttallii likely thrives in:

  • Full sun to partial shade
  • Well-drained soils
  • USDA hardiness zones 6-8 (based on Arkansas climate)
  • Possible association with grass species (many Agalinis species are semi-parasitic)

As an annual, you’ll need to collect and replant seeds each year. The delicate flowers attract native pollinators, particularly specialized bees and butterflies that have co-evolved with false foxgloves.

Better Alternatives for Your Garden

Instead of risking harm to wild populations, consider these more common native alternatives that offer similar benefits:

  • Purple false foxglove (Agalinis purpurea) – more widespread and available
  • Slender false foxglove (Agalinis tenuifolia) – another annual with similar flowers
  • Native penstemons for similar tubular flowers
  • Wild bergamot for pollinator support

The Bottom Line

Nuttall’s false foxglove represents the kind of botanical rarity that makes our native flora so precious – and so vulnerable. While it’s natural to want to grow every beautiful native plant, sometimes the most loving thing we can do is admire from a distance and support conservation efforts instead.

If you’re passionate about rare Arkansas natives, consider supporting habitat conservation organizations or botanical gardens working to protect species like this one. That way, future generations might still have the chance to encounter this delicate beauty in its natural Arkansas home.

Nuttall’s False Foxglove

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Scrophulariales

Family

Scrophulariaceae Juss. - Figwort family

Genus

Agalinis Raf. - false foxglove

Species

Agalinis nuttallii Shinners - Nuttall's false foxglove

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA