North America Native Plant

Northern Sweetgrass

Botanical name: Hierochloe hirta arctica

USDA symbol: HIHIA

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: grass

Native status: Native to Alaska âš˜ Native to the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Anthoxanthum hirtum (Schrank) Y. Schouten & Veldkamp ssp. arcticum (J. Presl) G. Tucker (ANHIA)  âš˜  Hierochloe odorata (L.) P. Beauv. ssp. arctica (J. Presl) Tzvelev (HIODA)   

Northern Sweetgrass: A Mysterious Native Graminoid Worth Knowing If you’ve stumbled across the botanical name Hierochloe hirta arctica, commonly known as northern sweetgrass, you might be scratching your head trying to find detailed growing information. You’re not alone! This particular plant designation presents some interesting challenges for gardeners and native ...

Northern Sweetgrass: A Mysterious Native Graminoid Worth Knowing

If you’ve stumbled across the botanical name Hierochloe hirta arctica, commonly known as northern sweetgrass, you might be scratching your head trying to find detailed growing information. You’re not alone! This particular plant designation presents some interesting challenges for gardeners and native plant enthusiasts alike.

What We Know About Northern Sweetgrass

Northern sweetgrass is a perennial graminoid, which means it belongs to the grass family and related grass-like plants. As a member of this diverse group, it shares characteristics with grasses, sedges, rushes, and other similar plants that form the backbone of many natural ecosystems.

This plant is native to both Alaska and the lower 48 states, making it a true North American native with an impressively wide distribution.

Where You’ll Find It Growing

Talk about a well-traveled plant! Northern sweetgrass has been documented across a remarkable range of states, from the frigid landscapes of Alaska all the way down to the southwestern deserts of Arizona and New Mexico. You can find it naturally occurring in:

  • Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Delaware, Idaho
  • Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, Maryland, Massachusetts
  • Michigan, Minnesota, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire
  • New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio
  • Oregon, Pennsylvania, South Dakota, Utah, Vermont, Washington
  • West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming

The Taxonomic Puzzle

Here’s where things get a bit quirky: Hierochloe hirta arctica has several scientific synonyms, including Anthoxanthum hirtum subspecies arcticum and Hierochloe odorata subspecies arctica. This name-shuffling is common in botany as scientists better understand plant relationships, but it can make finding specific growing information quite the treasure hunt!

Why the Information Gap?

Unfortunately, detailed growing information specifically for Hierochloe hirta arctica under this exact name is limited. Many of the typical gardening details we’d love to share – like preferred growing conditions, USDA hardiness zones, wildlife benefits, and care tips – aren’t readily available for this particular taxonomic designation.

What This Means for Gardeners

If you’re interested in growing northern sweetgrass, you might want to:

  • Consult with local native plant societies or extension offices
  • Look for plants sold under related names like Hierochloe odorata or sweetgrass
  • Research the broader sweetgrass family for similar growing requirements
  • Consider other well-documented native grasses for your region

The Bottom Line

While Hierochloe hirta arctica remains somewhat mysterious in terms of specific cultivation details, its wide native range suggests it’s a hardy and adaptable plant. As with many native species, it likely plays important ecological roles wherever it naturally occurs.

If you’re determined to grow this particular plant, your best bet is to work with reputable native plant nurseries and local experts who can provide region-specific guidance. Sometimes the most rewarding gardening adventures begin with the plants that keep a few secrets!

Northern Sweetgrass

Classification

Group

Monocot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Liliopsida - Monocotyledons

Subclass

Commelinidae

Order

Cyperales

Family

Poaceae Barnhart - Grass family

Genus

Hierochloe R. Br. - sweetgrass

Species

Hierochloe hirta (Schrank) Borbás - northern sweetgrass

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA