North America Native Plant

Northern Bluethread

Botanical name: Burmannia biflora

USDA symbol: BUBI

Life cycle: annual

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states âš˜ Native to Puerto Rico  

Northern Bluethread: A Rare Wetland Wildflower Worth Knowing If you’ve never heard of northern bluethread (Burmannia biflora), you’re not alone. This tiny native wildflower is one of those botanical gems that flies completely under the radar – and for good reason. While it might not be destined for your typical ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Arkansas

Status: S1: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Critically Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 5 or fewer occurrences or very few remaining individuals (<1,000) ⚘

Northern Bluethread: A Rare Wetland Wildflower Worth Knowing

If you’ve never heard of northern bluethread (Burmannia biflora), you’re not alone. This tiny native wildflower is one of those botanical gems that flies completely under the radar – and for good reason. While it might not be destined for your typical flower border, this fascinating little plant has a story worth telling.

What is Northern Bluethread?

Northern bluethread is a small annual herb that belongs to a rather unusual family of plants. Don’t expect showy blooms or bold foliage – this delicate wildflower is all about subtlety. Its tiny blue to purple flowers are so small they’re easily overlooked, and the entire plant rarely grows more than a few inches tall.

Where Does Northern Bluethread Call Home?

This native beauty has quite a range across the southeastern United States. You can find northern bluethread growing naturally in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Texas, Virginia, and Puerto Rico. However, just because it grows in these states doesn’t mean it’s common – quite the opposite, actually.

A Rare Find Indeed

Here’s where things get interesting (and a bit concerning). Northern bluethread has a rarity status of S1 in Arkansas, meaning it’s critically imperiled in that state. This little plant is becoming increasingly uncommon throughout its range, making every population precious.

If you’re thinking about adding northern bluethread to your garden, pump the brakes for a moment. This isn’t your typical garden center purchase, and there are some important considerations to keep in mind.

Why Northern Bluethread Isn’t Your Average Garden Plant

Northern bluethread is what we call an obligate wetland plant across its entire range. This means it almost always occurs in wetlands – think bogs, wet pine savannas, and other consistently soggy spots. It’s not just picky about moisture; it requires very specific conditions that are nearly impossible to replicate in typical garden settings.

Growing Conditions: Not for the Faint of Heart

If you’re still determined to work with this species, here’s what you’re up against:

  • Moisture: Constantly moist to saturated, acidic soils
  • Habitat: Specialized wetland environments
  • Hardiness: USDA zones 8-10
  • Commitment level: Extremely high – this isn’t a beginner-friendly plant

The Responsible Approach

Given northern bluethread’s rarity status, we strongly recommend against collecting it from the wild – ever. If you’re involved in wetland restoration or botanical conservation work and have access to responsibly sourced seeds or plants, that’s a different story. But for the average gardener? This one’s best appreciated in its natural habitat.

Better Alternatives for Wetland Gardens

If you’re passionate about creating wetland habitat in your garden, consider these more readily available and less sensitive native options:

  • Blue flag iris (Iris virginica)
  • Cardinal flower (Lobelia cardinalis)
  • Swamp milkweed (Asclepias incarnata)
  • Wild ginger (Asarum canadense)

The Bottom Line

Northern bluethread is one of those plants that’s better loved from a distance. Its rarity and extremely specialized habitat requirements make it unsuitable for typical garden cultivation. Instead of trying to grow it at home, consider supporting wetland conservation efforts or visiting natural areas where this remarkable little plant still thrives.

Sometimes the most beautiful thing we can do for a rare plant is simply let it be wild.

Northern Bluethread

Classification

Group

Monocot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Liliopsida - Monocotyledons

Subclass

Liliidae

Order

Orchidales

Family

Burmanniaceae Blume - Burmannia family

Genus

Burmannia L. - bluethread

Species

Burmannia biflora L. - northern bluethread

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA