North America Native Plant

Nootka Alkaligrass

Botanical name: Puccinellia nutkaensis

USDA symbol: PUNU

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: grass

Native status: Native to Alaska ⚘ Native to Canada ⚘ Native to Greenland ⚘ Native to the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Phippsia nutkaensis (J. Presl) Á. Löve & D. Löve (PHNU2)  ⚘  Puccinellia grandis Swallen (PUGR)   

Nootka Alkaligrass: A Specialized Native Grass for Challenging Garden Conditions Meet Nootka alkaligrass (Puccinellia nutkaensis), a hardy perennial grass that thrives where many other plants fear to tread. While it might not win any beauty contests, this unassuming native has some impressive superpowers that make it invaluable for specific gardening ...

Nootka Alkaligrass: A Specialized Native Grass for Challenging Garden Conditions

Meet Nootka alkaligrass (Puccinellia nutkaensis), a hardy perennial grass that thrives where many other plants fear to tread. While it might not win any beauty contests, this unassuming native has some impressive superpowers that make it invaluable for specific gardening situations.

What is Nootka Alkaligrass?

Nootka alkaligrass is a perennial grass native to some of the harshest environments in North America. You might also see it listed under its synonyms Phippsia nutkaensis or Puccinellia grandis in older references. This grass belongs to the alkaligrass genus, which gives you a big hint about its specialty: it absolutely loves salty, alkaline conditions that would stress out most other plants.

Where Does It Naturally Grow?

This tough little grass has an impressive native range that spans across Alaska, Canada (including British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Quebec, Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut, Labrador, and Newfoundland), and extends down into the lower 48 states including California, Oregon, and Washington. It’s also found in Greenland, making it a true northern specialist.

Should You Plant Nootka Alkaligrass?

Here’s the honest truth: Nootka alkaligrass isn’t for everyone, and that’s perfectly okay! This grass has very specific growing requirements and aesthetic qualities that make it ideal for certain situations but not others.

You Should Consider It If:

  • You’re working on wetland restoration or creating a rain garden
  • You have consistently wet, poorly-drained soil
  • You’re dealing with saline or alkaline soil conditions
  • You live in a very cold climate (it’s incredibly hardy)
  • You want to support native ecosystems
  • You’re creating naturalized, prairie-style plantings

You Should Skip It If:

  • You’re looking for a showy, ornamental grass
  • Your soil is well-drained or tends to be dry
  • You want a grass for high-traffic areas
  • You prefer plants with colorful flowers or dramatic foliage

Wetland Warrior Status

One of Nootka alkaligrass’s most defining characteristics is its relationship with water. This plant is classified as an Obligate Wetland species in Alaska, the Arid West, and Western Mountains regions, meaning it almost always occurs in wetlands. In other regions, it’s listed as Facultative Wetland, usually found in wet areas but occasionally tolerating drier conditions. Bottom line: this grass needs consistent moisture to thrive.

Growing Nootka Alkaligrass Successfully

If you’ve determined that Nootka alkaligrass fits your garden’s needs, here’s how to give it the best chance of success:

Ideal Growing Conditions:

  • Soil: Wet to consistently moist, tolerates saline and alkaline conditions
  • Light: Full sun preferred
  • Water: Requires consistent moisture, tolerates periodic flooding
  • Climate: Extremely cold hardy, suitable for northern climates

Planting and Care Tips:

  • Plant in spring when soil can be worked
  • Ensure the planting site stays consistently moist
  • This grass can handle salt spray and alkaline conditions that would kill other plants
  • Once established, it requires minimal maintenance
  • Allow it to go to seed if you want to support wildlife

Wildlife and Ecosystem Benefits

While Nootka alkaligrass might be modest in appearance, it plays important ecological roles. Its seeds can provide food for waterfowl and other birds, and as a native grass, it contributes to the complex web of relationships that support local ecosystems. It’s particularly valuable in coastal and wetland habitats where few other plants can establish successfully.

The Bottom Line

Nootka alkaligrass is definitely a specialist plant for specialist situations. If you’re working with challenging wet, salty, or alkaline conditions—especially in northern climates—this native grass could be exactly what you need. While it won’t provide the dramatic flair of ornamental grasses, it offers something perhaps more valuable: the ability to stabilize soil, support ecosystems, and thrive in conditions that would defeat flashier alternatives.

Remember, every garden doesn’t need to be a showstopper. Sometimes the most valuable plants are the quiet workhorses that solve problems and support the bigger picture of ecological health. Nootka alkaligrass is definitely one of those unsung heroes of the plant world.

Wetland Status

The rule of seasoned gardeners and landscapers is to choose the "right plant for the right place" matching plants to their ideal growing conditions, so they'll thrive with less work and fewer inputs. But the simplicity of this catchphrase conceals how tricky plant selection is. While tags list watering requirements, there's more to the story.

Knowing a plant's wetland status can simplify the process by revealing the interaction between plants, water, and soil. Surprisingly, many popular landscape plants are wetland species! And what may be a wetland plant in one area, in another it might thrive in drier conditions. Also, it helps you make smarter gardening choices and grow healthy plants with less care and feeding, saving you time, frustration, and money while producing an attractive garden with greater ecological benefits.

Regions
Status
Moisture Conditions

Alaska

OBL

Obligate Wetland - Plants with this status almost always occurs in wetlands

Arid West

OBL

Obligate Wetland - Plants with this status almost always occurs in wetlands

Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain

FACW

Facultative Wetland - Plants with this status usually occurs in wetlands but may occur in non-wetlands

Eastern Mountains and Piedmont

FACW

Facultative Wetland - Plants with this status usually occurs in wetlands but may occur in non-wetlands

Midwest

FACW

Facultative Wetland - Plants with this status usually occurs in wetlands but may occur in non-wetlands

Northcentral & Northeast

FACW

Facultative Wetland - Plants with this status usually occurs in wetlands but may occur in non-wetlands

Western Mountains, Valleys, and Coast

OBL

Obligate Wetland - Plants with this status almost always occurs in wetlands

Nootka Alkaligrass

Classification

Group

Monocot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Liliopsida - Monocotyledons

Subclass

Commelinidae

Order

Cyperales

Family

Poaceae Barnhart - Grass family

Genus

Puccinellia Parl. - alkaligrass

Species

Puccinellia nutkaensis (J. Presl) Fernald & Weath. - Nootka alkaligrass

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA