North America Native Plant

Niebla Undulata

Botanical name: Niebla undulata

USDA symbol: NIUN

Habit: lichen

Native status: Native to North America  

Niebla undulata: The Wavy Coastal Lichen That’s Actually Pretty Cool If you’ve ever walked along the foggy coastlines of California and noticed some interesting gray-green, branchy stuff hanging from shrubs and trees, you might have spotted Niebla undulata. But here’s the thing – this isn’t a plant you can add ...

Niebla undulata: The Wavy Coastal Lichen That’s Actually Pretty Cool

If you’ve ever walked along the foggy coastlines of California and noticed some interesting gray-green, branchy stuff hanging from shrubs and trees, you might have spotted Niebla undulata. But here’s the thing – this isn’t a plant you can add to your garden cart. It’s actually a lichen, and that makes it pretty special in its own quirky way.

What Exactly Is Niebla undulata?

Niebla undulata is a fruticose lichen, which is basically a partnership between a fungus and an algae living together in perfect harmony. The name undulata refers to its wavy, undulating branches that give it a distinctive appearance. This lichen is native to North America, specifically thriving in the coastal regions of California and Baja California, Mexico.

Unlike traditional plants, lichens don’t have roots, stems, or leaves in the conventional sense. Instead, they’re composite organisms that create their own food through photosynthesis, thanks to their algae partners.

How to Spot This Coastal Character

Identifying Niebla undulata is actually pretty straightforward once you know what to look for:

  • Gray-green to yellowish coloration
  • Branching, shrub-like structure
  • Wavy or undulating branches (hence the name!)
  • Typically found growing on coastal shrubs and trees
  • Most common in areas influenced by marine fog

Is It Beneficial to Have Around?

While you can’t exactly plant Niebla undulata in your garden, having it show up naturally is actually a good sign. Here’s why this lichen is pretty awesome:

  • It’s an indicator of clean air – lichens are sensitive to air pollution, so their presence suggests good air quality
  • They contribute to biodiversity in coastal ecosystems
  • Some wildlife may use them as nesting material or shelter
  • They add unique texture and visual interest to the natural landscape

The Bottom Line for Gardeners

You can’t buy Niebla undulata at your local nursery, and you can’t plant it like you would a typical garden plant. This lichen establishes itself naturally when environmental conditions are just right – think cool, foggy coastal areas with clean air. If you’re lucky enough to have it appear in your coastal garden naturally, consider it a compliment to your local ecosystem’s health.

Instead of trying to cultivate lichens, focus on creating conditions that support the overall health of your coastal environment. Plant native shrubs and trees that these lichens might eventually call home, and avoid using chemicals that could harm these sensitive organisms.

A Living Partnership Worth Appreciating

While Niebla undulata might not be the showstopping flower or dramatic foliage plant you can plan into your landscape design, it represents something pretty remarkable – a successful collaboration between two completely different organisms. Next time you’re wandering along the California coast, take a moment to appreciate these wavy, gray-green partners quietly doing their thing in the salty, foggy air.

Niebla Undulata

Classification

Group

Lichen

Kingdom

Fungi - Fungi

Subkingdom
Superdivision
Division

Ascomycota - Sac fungi

Subdivision
Class

Ascomycetes

Subclass
Order

Lecanorales

Family

Ramalinaceae C. Agardh

Genus

Niebla Rundel & Bowler - niebla lichen

Species

Niebla undulata Spjut

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA