North America Native Plant

Nichol’s Echinocactus

Botanical name: Echinocactus horizonthalonius var. nicholii

USDA symbol: ECHON

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: shrub

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Nichol’s Echinocactus: A Rare Desert Treasure Worth Protecting Meet Nichol’s echinocactus (Echinocactus horizonthalonius var. nicholii), a stunning barrel cactus that’s as rare as it is beautiful. This distinctive desert dweller has captured the hearts of cactus enthusiasts, but there’s something every gardener needs to know before adding this spiky beauty ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: United States

Status: S4T2: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Subspecies or variety is imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 6 to 20 occurrences or few remaining individuals (1,000 to 3,000) ⚘ Apparently Secure: Uncommon but not rare, and usually widespread. Possibly cause for longterm concern. Typically more than 100 occurrences in the state or more than 10,000 individuals ⚘ Endangered: In danger of extinction throughout all or a significant portion of its range. ⚘

Region: United States

Nichol’s Echinocactus: A Rare Desert Treasure Worth Protecting

Meet Nichol’s echinocactus (Echinocactus horizonthalonius var. nicholii), a stunning barrel cactus that’s as rare as it is beautiful. This distinctive desert dweller has captured the hearts of cactus enthusiasts, but there’s something every gardener needs to know before adding this spiky beauty to their collection.

A True Native with a Serious Conservation Story

Nichol’s echinocactus is a native perennial cactus found exclusively in Arizona, where it calls the Sonoran Desert home. But here’s the important part: this remarkable plant is listed as Endangered in the United States, with a Global Conservation Status of S4T2. This means every single plant in the wild is precious and needs our protection.

If you’re considering adding this cactus to your garden, you absolutely can—but only if you source it responsibly from reputable nurseries that propagate rather than wild-collect their plants. Never, ever remove these cacti from their natural habitat.

Why Gardeners Fall in Love with This Cactus

It’s easy to see why Nichol’s echinocactus has such a devoted following. This barrel-shaped beauty features prominent ribs decorated with colorful spines that create stunning geometric patterns. The contrast between its blue-green body and distinctive spine colors makes it a real showstopper in any desert garden.

As a slow-growing perennial, this cactus develops character over time, eventually forming an impressive specimen that can serve as a focal point in xeriscaped landscapes, rock gardens, or succulent collections.

Perfect Garden Settings

Nichol’s echinocactus thrives in:

  • Desert and xeriscape gardens
  • Rock gardens with excellent drainage
  • Succulent and cactus collections
  • Southwestern-style landscapes
  • Container gardens (with proper care)

Growing Conditions That Make It Happy

This desert native has pretty specific needs, but they’re not complicated once you understand them:

Sunlight: Full sun is essential—at least 6-8 hours of direct sunlight daily

Soil: Well-draining, sandy or rocky soil is crucial. Poor drainage will kill this cactus faster than anything else

Water: Minimal watering—only during extended dry periods and never in winter

Climate: Hardy in USDA zones 9-11, but needs protection from hard freezes

Planting and Care Tips

Success with Nichol’s echinocactus comes down to mimicking its natural desert environment:

  • Plant in raised beds or on slopes to ensure excellent drainage
  • Use a cactus potting mix or create your own with sand, perlite, and a small amount of regular potting soil
  • Water deeply but infrequently during the growing season
  • Provide winter protection if temperatures drop below 20°F
  • Avoid fertilizing—these plants are adapted to nutrient-poor soils
  • Be patient—growth is slow but steady

Benefits Beyond Beauty

While we don’t have extensive data on this particular variety’s wildlife benefits, cacti in general support desert ecosystems by providing nectar for specialized desert pollinators and eventual shelter for small wildlife. The flowers, when they appear on mature plants, attract desert bees and other native pollinators.

The Bottom Line

Nichol’s echinocactus is a spectacular addition to the right garden, but growing it comes with responsibility. Only purchase from reputable sources that propagate their own plants, and consider yourself a guardian of a truly special species. With proper care and responsible sourcing, you can enjoy this rare desert gem while contributing to its conservation rather than its decline.

Remember: every Nichol’s echinocactus in cultivation is one more insurance policy for the species’ future. That’s gardening with purpose!

Nichol’s Echinocactus

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Caryophyllidae

Order

Caryophyllales

Family

Cactaceae Juss. - Cactus family

Genus

Echinocactus Link & Otto - echinocactus

Species

Echinocactus horizonthalonius Lem. - devilshead

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA