North America Native Plant

Nevada Bird’s-foot Trefoil

Botanical name: Lotus nevadensis

USDA symbol: LONE4

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Non-native, reproduces and persists in the wild in Canada âš˜ Native to the lower 48 states  

Nevada Bird’s-Foot Trefoil: A Hardy Western Native for Your Garden Looking for a tough, low-maintenance perennial that can handle whatever your western garden throws at it? Meet Nevada bird’s-foot trefoil (Lotus nevadensis), a charming native wildflower that’s been quietly thriving across the American West for centuries. This unassuming little plant ...

Nevada Bird’s-Foot Trefoil: A Hardy Western Native for Your Garden

Looking for a tough, low-maintenance perennial that can handle whatever your western garden throws at it? Meet Nevada bird’s-foot trefoil (Lotus nevadensis), a charming native wildflower that’s been quietly thriving across the American West for centuries. This unassuming little plant might just become your new favorite addition to naturalized areas and native plant gardens.

What Is Nevada Bird’s-Foot Trefoil?

Nevada bird’s-foot trefoil is a perennial forb – essentially a non-woody flowering plant that comes back year after year. Don’t let the technical term fool you; this is simply a hardy wildflower that grows low to the ground and produces clusters of bright yellow, pea-like flowers. As a member of the legume family, it has the superpower of fixing nitrogen in the soil, making it a beneficial companion plant for your garden.

Where Does It Naturally Grow?

This western native calls home to California, Idaho, Nevada, Oregon, and Washington, with populations also established in British Columbia. It’s perfectly adapted to the varied climates and conditions found throughout the western United States, from coastal areas to inland valleys.

Why Consider Growing Nevada Bird’s-Foot Trefoil?

There are several compelling reasons to welcome this native into your landscape:

  • Pollinator magnet: The cheerful yellow flowers attract bees, butterflies, and other beneficial insects
  • Low maintenance: Once established, it’s remarkably drought-tolerant and requires minimal care
  • Soil improvement: As a nitrogen-fixing legume, it actually improves soil fertility
  • Native credentials: Supporting local ecosystems by choosing plants that evolved in your region
  • Adaptable: Thrives in USDA hardiness zones 4-9, handling both cold winters and hot summers

Perfect Garden Settings

Nevada bird’s-foot trefoil shines in several landscape scenarios:

  • Native plant and wildflower gardens
  • Naturalized meadow areas
  • Ground cover for slopes or challenging spots
  • Wildlife habitat gardens
  • Low-water or xeriscape designs

Growing Conditions and Care

One of the best things about this native is how easy-going it is about growing conditions:

  • Sunlight: Prefers full sun but tolerates partial shade
  • Soil: Adaptable to various soil types but insists on good drainage
  • Water: Drought-tolerant once established; minimal supplemental watering needed
  • Maintenance: Very low maintenance; occasional pruning keeps it tidy

Planting and Establishment Tips

Getting Nevada bird’s-foot trefoil established in your garden is refreshingly straightforward:

  • Plant in spring or fall when temperatures are moderate
  • Ensure good soil drainage – this is the most critical factor for success
  • Water regularly during the first growing season to help establish roots
  • Once established, reduce watering significantly as the plant prefers drier conditions
  • Allow some flowers to go to seed if you want the plant to naturalize

Wildlife and Ecosystem Benefits

Beyond its garden appeal, Nevada bird’s-foot trefoil plays an important role in supporting local wildlife. The flowers provide nectar for various pollinators, while the nitrogen-fixing capability improves soil health for surrounding plants. It’s these kinds of ecological relationships that make native plants so valuable in our gardens.

The Bottom Line

Nevada bird’s-foot trefoil proves that native plants can be both beautiful and practical. If you’re gardening in its native range and looking for a low-maintenance perennial that supports local ecosystems while adding cheerful yellow blooms to your landscape, this hardy western native deserves serious consideration. It’s the kind of plant that lets you create a beautiful garden while working with nature rather than against it.

Nevada Bird’s-foot Trefoil

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Rosidae

Order

Fabales

Family

Fabaceae Lindl. - Pea family

Genus

Lotus L. - trefoil

Species

Lotus nevadensis (S. Watson) Greene - Nevada bird's-foot trefoil

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA