North America Native Plant

Napali Kona Peperomia

Botanical name: Peperomia kokeana

USDA symbol: PEKO

Life cycle: annual

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to Hawaii  

Napali Kona Peperomia: A Rare Hawaiian Treasure Worth Protecting Meet the Napali Kona peperomia (Peperomia kokeana), one of Hawaii’s most elusive native plants. This little-known species represents the unique botanical heritage of the Hawaiian Islands, though finding detailed information about it proves as challenging as spotting one in the wild. ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S3: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals ⚘

Napali Kona Peperomia: A Rare Hawaiian Treasure Worth Protecting

Meet the Napali Kona peperomia (Peperomia kokeana), one of Hawaii’s most elusive native plants. This little-known species represents the unique botanical heritage of the Hawaiian Islands, though finding detailed information about it proves as challenging as spotting one in the wild.

What Makes This Plant Special

The Napali Kona peperomia is classified as an annual forb, meaning it’s a non-woody plant that completes its life cycle within a year. Unlike its more common houseplant cousins, this Hawaiian native has adapted to the specific conditions of its island home, making it a true botanical treasure.

Where You’ll Find It (Or Won’t)

This rare gem is endemic to Hawaii, meaning it exists nowhere else on Earth. The name kokeana likely references the Kokee area, suggesting this plant has very specific habitat requirements within the Hawaiian Islands.

Conservation Concerns

Here’s where things get serious: Peperomia kokeana carries a Global Conservation Status of S3, which translates to Vulnerable. This means the species faces a real risk of disappearing forever, with typically only 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals remaining in the wild.

If you’re considering growing this plant, please proceed with extreme caution and responsibility. Only obtain plants or seeds from verified, ethical sources that don’t contribute to wild collection pressure. Better yet, consider supporting conservation efforts for this species instead.

Growing Conditions and Habitat

Based on its wetland status as Facultative Upland, the Napali Kona peperomia typically thrives in non-wetland conditions but can tolerate some moisture. This suggests it might prefer well-draining soils with moderate moisture levels, similar to many other peperomias.

However, specific growing requirements remain largely unknown due to the plant’s rarity and limited study. This uncertainty makes cultivation attempts risky for both the gardener and the species’ conservation.

Should You Grow It?

The honest answer? Probably not, unless you’re a botanical institution or serious conservation gardener with proper expertise. Here’s why:

  • Its vulnerable conservation status means wild collection could harm remaining populations
  • Limited availability of ethically sourced plants or seeds
  • Unknown specific growing requirements increase the risk of cultivation failure
  • As an annual, it requires successful seed production to maintain populations

Better Alternatives for Hawaiian Native Gardens

If you’re passionate about growing Hawaiian native plants, consider these more readily available and better-studied alternatives that won’t put rare species at risk:

  • Other native Hawaiian plants with stable populations
  • Regionally appropriate native species that support local ecosystems
  • Participate in habitat restoration projects where you can help native species in their natural environment

Supporting Conservation

The best way to help Peperomia kokeana is to support Hawaiian native plant conservation organizations, habitat protection efforts, and botanical research. Sometimes the most loving thing we can do for a rare plant is to admire it from a distance and work to protect its natural home.

While we may not be able to grow this Hawaiian rarity in our gardens, we can appreciate its role in Hawaii’s unique botanical heritage and support efforts to ensure future generations get the chance to marvel at the Napali Kona peperomia in its native habitat.

Napali Kona Peperomia

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Magnoliidae

Order

Piperales

Family

Piperaceae Giseke - Pepper family

Genus

Peperomia Ruiz & Pav. - peperomia

Species

Peperomia kokeana Yunck. - Napali Kona peperomia

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA