North America Native Plant

Mountain Rush

Botanical name: Juncus arcticus littoralis

USDA symbol: JUARL

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: grass

Native status: Native to Alaska âš˜ Native to Canada âš˜ Native to Greenland âš˜ Native to the lower 48 states âš˜ Native to St. Pierre and Miquelon  

Synonyms: Juncus arcticus Willd. ssp. ater (Rydb.) Hultén (JUARA4)  âš˜  Juncus arcticus Willd. ssp. balticus (Willd.) Hyl. (JUARB4)  âš˜  Juncus arcticus Willd. var. balticus (Willd.) Trautv. (JUARB5)  âš˜  Juncus arcticus Willd. var. littoralis (Engelm.) B. Boivin (JUARL2)  âš˜  Juncus arcticus Willd. var. montanus (Engelm.) S.L. Welsh (JUARM)  âš˜  Juncus ater Rydb. (JUAT)  âš˜  Juncus balticus Willd. (JUBA)  âš˜  Juncus balticus Willd. var. balticus (JUBAB2)  âš˜  Juncus balticus Willd. var. littoralis Engelm. (JUBAL)  âš˜  Juncus balticus Willd. var. montanus Engelm. (JUBAM)  âš˜  Juncus balticus Willd. var. melanogenus Fernald & Wiegand (JUBAM4)  âš˜  Juncus balticus Willd. var. stenocarpus Buchenau & Fernald (JUBAS2)  âš˜  Juncus balticus Willd. var. vallicola Rydb. (JUBAV)   

Mountain Rush: A Hardy Native Wetland Plant for Your Garden Looking for a tough, adaptable native plant that thrives in wet conditions? Meet mountain rush (Juncus arcticus littoralis), a resilient perennial that might just be the perfect addition to your wetland garden or rain garden project. This unassuming grass-like plant ...

Mountain Rush: A Hardy Native Wetland Plant for Your Garden

Looking for a tough, adaptable native plant that thrives in wet conditions? Meet mountain rush (Juncus arcticus littoralis), a resilient perennial that might just be the perfect addition to your wetland garden or rain garden project. This unassuming grass-like plant packs more punch than you might expect!

What is Mountain Rush?

Mountain rush is a perennial member of the rush family (Juncaceae), giving it that distinctive grass-like appearance that adds texture and movement to garden spaces. Despite its humble looks, this plant is incredibly hardy and serves important ecological functions in wetland environments.

Where Does Mountain Rush Call Home?

This remarkable plant is truly a North American native, with one of the most impressive geographic ranges you’ll find. Mountain rush naturally occurs across an enormous territory, from the frigid reaches of Alaska, Greenland, and Canada’s northern territories, all the way down through most U.S. states including Arizona, Texas, and even parts of the Southeast.

You can find mountain rush growing naturally in states and provinces including Alberta, British Columbia, Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, and dozens more – it’s quite the traveler! This extensive range hints at just how adaptable this plant really is.

Garden Appeal and Landscape Role

While mountain rush won’t win any flashy flower contests, it brings subtle beauty and important function to the right garden setting. Here’s what you can expect:

  • Height: Grows up to 4 feet tall, creating nice vertical interest
  • Growth rate: Rapid growth with moderate regrowth after cutting
  • Appearance: Fine-textured green foliage with small brown flowers in early summer
  • Form: Erect, rhizomatous growth that can spread to form colonies
  • Lifespan: Long-lived perennial that will stick around for years

Perfect Garden Settings

Mountain rush absolutely shines in specific garden types:

  • Rain gardens – Excellent for managing stormwater runoff
  • Wetland restoration projects – Helps stabilize soil and prevent erosion
  • Pond margins – Creates natural-looking edges around water features
  • Bioswales – Perfect for filtering water in landscape drainage systems
  • Native plant gardens – Adds authentic local character

Wetland Status Across Regions

Here’s where mountain rush gets really interesting – its relationship with water varies by region:

  • Obligate wetland plant in Alaska, Atlantic/Gulf Coast, Eastern Mountains, Midwest, and Northeast regions
  • Facultative wetland plant in the Arid West, Great Plains, and Western Mountains regions

This means in most areas, you’ll find it almost exclusively in wetlands, but in drier western regions, it can occasionally tolerate non-wetland conditions.

Growing Conditions

Mountain rush is refreshingly straightforward to grow if you can meet its basic needs:

  • Soil: Prefers fine to medium-textured soils; avoid coarse, sandy conditions
  • Water: High moisture requirements – this plant loves wet feet!
  • pH: Tolerates a range from 6.0 to 9.0
  • Fertility: Low nutrient requirements – won’t be fussy about rich soil
  • Drainage: High tolerance for waterlogged, anaerobic conditions
  • Salt: Surprisingly high salinity tolerance
  • Shade: Intermediate shade tolerance

Planting and Care Tips

Getting mountain rush established is relatively easy:

  • Propagation: Grow from seed or sprigs – both methods work well
  • Seeding rate: Plant at least 11,000 plants per acre for good coverage
  • Seeds per pound: Approximately 3 million tiny seeds per pound
  • Cold requirements: No cold stratification needed for germination
  • Minimum frost-free days: Needs at least 90 frost-free days
  • Root depth: Develops roots to at least 20 inches deep

Climate Tolerance

Mountain rush is incredibly cold-hardy, tolerating temperatures as low as -43°F! This makes it suitable for northern gardens and high-elevation sites where many other plants struggle.

Should You Plant Mountain Rush?

Plant it if you have:

  • Wet, boggy areas that need stabilization
  • A rain garden or bioswale project
  • Pond edges or stream banks to naturalize
  • A desire for low-maintenance, long-lived native plants
  • Very cold growing conditions where few plants thrive

Skip it if you have:

  • Well-drained, dry garden conditions
  • A desire for showy flowers or ornamental appeal
  • Limited space where aggressive spreading is unwelcome
  • Sandy soils without consistent moisture

The Bottom Line

Mountain rush isn’t going to be the star of your perennial border, but it’s an ecological powerhouse for the right situations. If you’re dealing with wet conditions, managing stormwater, or creating wildlife habitat, this tough native deserves serious consideration. Its incredible adaptability across climates and soil conditions, combined with its important role in wetland ecosystems, makes it a valuable addition to sustainable landscapes.

Plus, there’s something satisfying about growing a plant that can handle everything from Arctic conditions to desert alkaline soils – now that’s what we call garden resilience!

Wetland Status

The rule of seasoned gardeners and landscapers is to choose the "right plant for the right place" matching plants to their ideal growing conditions, so they'll thrive with less work and fewer inputs. But the simplicity of this catchphrase conceals how tricky plant selection is. While tags list watering requirements, there's more to the story.

Knowing a plant's wetland status can simplify the process by revealing the interaction between plants, water, and soil. Surprisingly, many popular landscape plants are wetland species! And what may be a wetland plant in one area, in another it might thrive in drier conditions. Also, it helps you make smarter gardening choices and grow healthy plants with less care and feeding, saving you time, frustration, and money while producing an attractive garden with greater ecological benefits.

Regions
Status
Moisture Conditions

Alaska

OBL

Obligate Wetland - Plants with this status almost always occurs in wetlands

Arid West

FACW

Facultative Wetland - Plants with this status usually occurs in wetlands but may occur in non-wetlands

Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain

OBL

Obligate Wetland - Plants with this status almost always occurs in wetlands

Eastern Mountains and Piedmont

OBL

Obligate Wetland - Plants with this status almost always occurs in wetlands

Great Plains

FACW

Facultative Wetland - Plants with this status usually occurs in wetlands but may occur in non-wetlands

Midwest

OBL

Obligate Wetland - Plants with this status almost always occurs in wetlands

Northcentral & Northeast

OBL

Obligate Wetland - Plants with this status almost always occurs in wetlands

Western Mountains, Valleys, and Coast

FACW

Facultative Wetland - Plants with this status usually occurs in wetlands but may occur in non-wetlands

Mountain Rush

Classification

Group

Monocot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Liliopsida - Monocotyledons

Subclass

Commelinidae

Order

Juncales

Family

Juncaceae Juss. - Rush family

Genus

Juncus L. - rush

Species

Juncus arcticus Willd. - arctic rush

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA