North America Native Plant

Mountain Grass Of Parnassus

Botanical name: Parnassia palustris var. montanensis

USDA symbol: PAPAM2

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Parnassia montanensis Fernald & Rydb. ex Rydb. (PAMO12)   

Mountain Grass of Parnassus: A Delicate Native Gem for Specialized Gardens If you’re searching for a truly unique native wildflower that will make visitors to your garden stop and stare, mountain grass of Parnassus (Parnassia palustris var. montanensis) might just be your answer. Despite its common name, this charming perennial ...

Mountain Grass of Parnassus: A Delicate Native Gem for Specialized Gardens

If you’re searching for a truly unique native wildflower that will make visitors to your garden stop and stare, mountain grass of Parnassus (Parnassia palustris var. montanensis) might just be your answer. Despite its common name, this charming perennial isn’t actually a grass at all—it’s a delicate forb that produces some of the most intricate white flowers you’ll find in the American West.

What Makes Mountain Grass of Parnassus Special?

This native beauty belongs to a group of plants that gardeners either absolutely adore or find mysteriously challenging. Mountain grass of Parnassus is a perennial forb, meaning it lacks significant woody tissue and returns year after year from its base. What sets it apart are its distinctive heart-shaped basal leaves and pristine white flowers decorated with delicate green veining that looks almost hand-painted.

You might also encounter this plant listed under its synonym Parnassia montanensis, but rest assured—it’s the same captivating species.

Where Does It Call Home?

Mountain grass of Parnassus is proudly native to the lower 48 states, with its natural range spanning across the western mountains. You’ll find wild populations thriving in Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming.

Should You Grow Mountain Grass of Parnassus?

Here’s where things get interesting—and a bit challenging. This native wildflower is absolutely stunning and supports local ecosystems, but it’s definitely not a plant it and forget it kind of garden resident.

The Compelling Reasons to Try It:

  • Supports native pollinators, particularly small flies and bees that visit its nectar-rich flowers
  • Adds authentic regional character to western gardens
  • Creates a conversation piece with its unusual beauty
  • Thrives in USDA hardiness zones 3-7
  • Perfect for specialized garden themes like alpine or bog gardens

The Honest Challenges:

  • Requires very specific growing conditions that can be difficult to replicate
  • Needs consistently moist to wet soil conditions
  • Can be tricky to establish and maintain in typical garden settings
  • Best suited for experienced gardeners with specialized garden areas

Creating the Right Conditions

If you’re determined to grow mountain grass of Parnassus (and we admire your adventurous spirit!), success lies in mimicking its natural mountain habitat. This plant thrives in cool, moist conditions with full sun to partial shade exposure.

The key to success is maintaining consistent moisture—think bog garden conditions rather than typical perennial border. It prefers alkaline soils and cool temperatures, making it an excellent choice for rock gardens, alpine gardens, or naturalistic wetland plantings in suitable climates.

Planting and Care Tips

Mountain grass of Parnassus rewards patience and attention to detail:

  • Plant in early spring when soil temperatures are still cool
  • Ensure excellent drainage while maintaining consistent moisture
  • Choose a location that receives morning sun but protection from intense afternoon heat
  • Mulch around plants to help retain soil moisture
  • Be patient—establishment can take a full growing season or more
  • Consider growing in containers if your garden conditions aren’t ideal

The Bottom Line

Mountain grass of Parnassus isn’t for every garden or every gardener, but for those with the right conditions and a passion for native plants, it offers a truly rewarding growing experience. If you have a bog garden, alpine garden, or simply love a good gardening challenge, this delicate native could become one of your most treasured plants.

For gardeners in regions outside its natural range or those seeking easier native alternatives, consider exploring other native wildflowers that might be better suited to your local conditions and gardening style.

Mountain Grass Of Parnassus

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Rosidae

Order

Rosales

Family

Saxifragaceae Juss. - Saxifrage family

Genus

Parnassia L. - grass of Parnassus

Species

Parnassia palustris L. - marsh grass of Parnassus

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA