North America Native Plant

Monterey Spineflower

Botanical name: Chorizanthe pungens var. pungens

USDA symbol: CHPUP3

Life cycle: annual

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Monterey Spineflower: A Rare Coastal Treasure Worth Protecting Meet the Monterey spineflower (Chorizanthe pungens var. pungens), a tiny but mighty annual that’s become one of California’s most precious botanical gems. This unassuming little plant might not win any beauty contests, but its story is one of resilience, rarity, and the ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: United States

Status: S2T2: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 6 to 20 occurrences or few remaining individuals (1,000 to 3,000) ⚘ Subspecies or variety is imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 6 to 20 occurrences or few remaining individuals (1,000 to 3,000) ⚘ Threatened: Experiencing significant population decline or habitat loss that could lead to its endangerment if not addressed. ⚘

Region: United States

Monterey Spineflower: A Rare Coastal Treasure Worth Protecting

Meet the Monterey spineflower (Chorizanthe pungens var. pungens), a tiny but mighty annual that’s become one of California’s most precious botanical gems. This unassuming little plant might not win any beauty contests, but its story is one of resilience, rarity, and the critical importance of coastal habitat conservation.

What Makes This Plant Special?

The Monterey spineflower is a native annual forb, which means it’s a soft-stemmed plant that completes its entire life cycle in just one year. Don’t let its humble appearance fool you – this little survivor has adapted to some pretty tough coastal conditions that would challenge many other plants.

As a true California native, this spineflower originally called the coastal areas of the Golden State home, with a particularly strong presence around the Monterey Peninsula. Interestingly, it’s also documented in Massachusetts, though its presence there raises questions about whether it was introduced or represents a disjunct native population.

A Plant in Peril

Important Conservation Notice: Before we dive into growing tips, there’s something crucial you need to know. The Monterey spineflower is listed as Threatened, with a global conservation status that reflects its precarious position in the wild. This means if you’re considering adding this plant to your garden, you must source it responsibly from reputable native plant suppliers who propagate it legally and sustainably.

Should You Grow Monterey Spineflower?

Here’s where things get interesting. This isn’t your typical garden center find, and honestly, it’s not for every gardener. But if you’re passionate about:

  • Supporting native plant conservation
  • Creating habitat for specialized coastal ecosystems
  • Adding rare plants to a dedicated native plant collection
  • Participating in conservation gardening efforts

Then the Monterey spineflower might just capture your heart.

Growing Conditions and Care

This coastal specialist has some pretty specific needs that reflect its natural habitat:

Soil Requirements: Think sandy, well-draining soil that mimics coastal dune conditions. Heavy clay or waterlogged soils are definite no-goes for this plant.

Climate Needs: This plant thrives in the mild, Mediterranean-like climate of coastal California, likely suited for USDA hardiness zones 9-10. It appreciates the cool, moist air and fog that characterizes its native range.

Sun Exposure: Full sun to partial shade, depending on your location’s intensity of sunlight.

The Reality Check

Let’s be honest – the Monterey spineflower isn’t going to be the star of your flower border. Its aesthetic appeal lies more in its conservation value and the satisfaction of nurturing a rare species than in showy blooms. The flowers are small and modest, typically white to pinkish, and the overall plant form is quite diminutive.

Wildlife and Pollinator Benefits

While specific data on wildlife benefits is limited, annual native forbs like the Monterey spineflower typically support various small insects and contribute to the complex web of coastal ecosystem relationships. Every native plant, no matter how small, plays a role in supporting local biodiversity.

Planting and Care Tips

If you decide to grow this rare beauty:

  • Source seeds or plants only from reputable native plant societies or specialized nurseries
  • Prepare sandy, well-draining soil that mimics coastal conditions
  • Plant in fall for spring germination and blooming
  • Provide minimal water once established – this plant is adapted to natural rainfall patterns
  • Allow plants to self-seed to maintain the population
  • Consider participating in seed collection programs with local conservation groups

The Bottom Line

The Monterey spineflower isn’t for every garden, but it’s perfect for the conservation-minded gardener who wants to make a real difference. If you choose to grow this threatened species, you’re not just adding a plant to your garden – you’re participating in an important conservation effort.

Remember, with great rarity comes great responsibility. Only source this plant through legitimate channels, and consider your garden as part of a larger conservation network working to ensure this remarkable little spineflower survives for future generations to appreciate.

Monterey Spineflower

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Caryophyllidae

Order

Polygonales

Family

Polygonaceae Juss. - Buckwheat family

Genus

Chorizanthe R. Br. ex Benth. - spineflower

Species

Chorizanthe pungens Benth. - Monterey spineflower

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA