North America Native Plant

Modoc Frasera

Botanical name: Frasera albicaulis var. modocensis

USDA symbol: FRALM

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Frasera pahutensis Reveal (FRPA6)  âš˜  Swertia bethelii H. St. John (SWBE)  âš˜  Swertia californica H. St. John (SWCA2)  âš˜  Swertia modocensis H. St. John (SWMO2)  âš˜  Swertia modocensis H. St. John var. adglabra (SWMOA)  âš˜  Swertia pahutensis (Reveal) J. Pringle (SWPA)  âš˜  Swertia shastensis H. St. John (SWSH)  âš˜  Swertia sierrae H. St. John (SWSI)   

Modoc Frasera: A Rare Native Gem for Mountain Gardeners If you’re looking to add a touch of high-elevation elegance to your native garden, let me introduce you to the Modoc frasera (Frasera albicaulis var. modocensis). This lesser-known member of the gentian family might just be the perfect addition to your ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S3Q: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Uncertain taxonomy: ⚘ Vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals ⚘ Subspecies or variety is vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals. ⚘ Subspecies or varieties is apparently secure: Uncommon but not rare, and usually widespread. Possibly cause for longterm concern. Typically more than 100 occurrences in the region or more than 10,000 individuals ⚘ Secure: At very low or no risk of extinction in the jurisdiction due to a very extensive range, abundant populations or occurrences, with little to no concern from declines or threats. ⚘

Region: Conservation status by state

Modoc Frasera: A Rare Native Gem for Mountain Gardeners

If you’re looking to add a touch of high-elevation elegance to your native garden, let me introduce you to the Modoc frasera (Frasera albicaulis var. modocensis). This lesser-known member of the gentian family might just be the perfect addition to your mountain or foothill landscape – though there are some important conservation considerations we need to chat about first.

Meet the Modoc Frasera

The Modoc frasera is a perennial forb that calls the mountainous regions of California, Nevada, and Oregon home. As a herbaceous perennial, it lacks the woody stems of shrubs and trees, instead dying back to its roots each winter and emerging fresh each spring. This hardy native has quite the collection of historical names – botanists have shuffled it around under various scientific names including Swertia modocensis and Frasera pahutensis, among others.

Where You’ll Find It Growing Wild

This mountain beauty naturally occurs across three western states: California, Nevada, and Oregon. It typically thrives in montane and subalpine environments, making it a perfect choice for gardeners in similar climates.

Why Consider Growing Modoc Frasera?

Here’s where things get interesting – and important. The Modoc frasera carries conservation status rankings of S3Q and S5T3T4, which indicates this plant faces some level of rarity or conservation concern. While this might sound alarming, it actually presents an opportunity for responsible gardeners to help support native biodiversity.

From a garden perspective, this plant offers several appealing qualities:

  • Attractive white to pale green flowers arranged in terminal clusters
  • Summer blooming period that adds interest when many spring wildflowers have finished
  • Reaches a manageable 1-4 feet in height
  • Provides nectar for native pollinators
  • Perfectly suited for wildflower gardens and naturalized areas

Growing Conditions and Care

The Modoc frasera appreciates conditions similar to its mountain home. It performs best in:

  • Well-drained soils (essential for preventing root rot)
  • Partial shade to full sun exposure
  • USDA hardiness zones 4-8
  • Areas that receive adequate moisture but aren’t waterlogged

As with many mountain natives, good drainage is absolutely crucial. If your garden tends to stay soggy, consider planting on a slope or in a raised bed to improve drainage.

The Responsible Growing Approach

Here’s the important part: due to its conservation status, you should only grow Modoc frasera if you can source it responsibly. This means:

  • Never collecting plants or seeds from wild populations
  • Purchasing only from reputable nurseries that propagate their own stock
  • Supporting conservation efforts by growing this species in appropriate garden settings
  • Considering seed collection programs with local native plant societies

Garden Design Ideas

The Modoc frasera works beautifully in several garden styles:

  • Native wildflower gardens: Pairs well with other mountain natives
  • Naturalized areas: Perfect for creating meadow-like spaces
  • Pollinator gardens: Supports native bees and other beneficial insects
  • Rock gardens: Thrives in the well-drained conditions rock gardens provide

The Bottom Line

Growing Modoc frasera can be a rewarding way to support native plant conservation while adding unique beauty to your garden. Just remember that with great plants comes great responsibility – always source your plants ethically and consider yourself a steward of this special native species. Your mountain garden (and local pollinators) will thank you for the effort!

Modoc Frasera

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Gentianales

Family

Gentianaceae Juss. - Gentian family

Genus

Frasera Walter - green gentian

Species

Frasera albicaulis Douglas ex Griseb. - whitestem frasera

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA