North America Native Plant

Missouri Blackberry

Botanical name: Rubus vigilis

USDA symbol: RUVI11

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: subshrub

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Rubus ambigens Fernald (RUAM2)   

Missouri Blackberry: A Charming Native Gem for Your Garden Meet the Missouri blackberry (Rubus vigilis), a delightful native shrub that’s been quietly thriving in the southeastern United States long before European settlers arrived. This petite member of the blackberry family might just be the perfect addition to your native garden ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S3?Q: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Inexact rank: ⚘ Uncertain taxonomy: ⚘ Vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals ⚘

Missouri Blackberry: A Charming Native Gem for Your Garden

Meet the Missouri blackberry (Rubus vigilis), a delightful native shrub that’s been quietly thriving in the southeastern United States long before European settlers arrived. This petite member of the blackberry family might just be the perfect addition to your native garden – if you can get your hands on some responsibly sourced plants.

What Makes Missouri Blackberry Special?

Don’t let the name fool you – this little beauty isn’t actually from Missouri! The Missouri blackberry is native to a select few states in the Southeast, including Virginia, North Carolina, and the District of Columbia. It’s also known by the scientific name Rubus vigilis, and you might occasionally see it listed under its synonym, Rubus ambigens.

What sets this blackberry apart from its more common cousins is its compact, well-behaved nature. Unlike the sprawling, aggressive blackberries that can take over a yard, Missouri blackberry stays put as a low-growing shrub, typically reaching only 1.5 feet tall and never exceeding 3 feet at maturity.

A Plant with Conservation Value

Here’s where things get interesting – and important. Missouri blackberry has a somewhat uncertain conservation status (listed as S3?Q globally), which suggests it may be of conservation concern in some areas. This makes it even more valuable as a native plant choice, but it also means you should be extra careful about sourcing. Always purchase from reputable native plant nurseries that propagate their stock rather than wild-collecting.

Garden Appeal and Landscape Uses

Missouri blackberry brings subtle charm to the garden with its small white flowers that bloom in spring, followed by tiny aggregate berries that wildlife absolutely love. The thorny canes provide excellent nesting sites and cover for small birds and mammals.

This perennial shrub works beautifully in:

  • Native plant gardens
  • Woodland edges
  • Naturalized landscapes
  • Rain gardens and bioswales
  • Wildlife habitat areas

Growing Conditions and Care

Missouri blackberry is surprisingly adaptable and relatively low-maintenance once established. It’s classified as a facultative wetland plant in both the Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain and Eastern Mountains and Piedmont regions, meaning it usually grows in wetlands but can also thrive in regular garden conditions.

Preferred conditions:

  • USDA Hardiness Zones: 6-8
  • Light: Partial shade to full sun
  • Soil: Moist to wet soils, but adaptable to various soil types
  • Water: Regular moisture, especially during establishment

Planting and Care Tips

Getting Missouri blackberry established in your garden is fairly straightforward:

  • Plant in spring or fall when temperatures are moderate
  • Space plants 2-3 feet apart if creating a groundcover area
  • Mulch around plants to retain moisture and suppress weeds
  • Water regularly during the first growing season
  • Minimal pruning needed – just remove dead or damaged canes in late winter

Be aware that like many Rubus species, Missouri blackberry may spread slowly by underground runners, making it an excellent groundcover for naturalized areas.

Wildlife and Pollinator Benefits

The spring flowers attract bees, butterflies, and other small pollinators, while the berries provide food for birds and small mammals. The dense, thorny growth habit creates excellent cover and nesting opportunities for wildlife, making your garden a true habitat haven.

Is Missouri Blackberry Right for Your Garden?

Missouri blackberry is an excellent choice if you’re looking to support native biodiversity while adding a low-maintenance, wildlife-friendly plant to your landscape. Its compact size makes it suitable even for smaller gardens, and its wetland tolerance makes it perfect for those challenging moist spots where other plants struggle.

Just remember to source your plants responsibly from reputable native plant nurseries to help protect wild populations of this potentially rare species. Your garden – and local wildlife – will thank you for choosing this charming native gem!

Missouri Blackberry

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Rosidae

Order

Rosales

Family

Rosaceae Juss. - Rose family

Genus

Rubus L. - blackberry

Species

Rubus vigilis L.H. Bailey - Missouri blackberry

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA