North America Native Plant

Mintleaf Bergamot

Botanical name: Monarda fistulosa fistulosa var. menthifolia

USDA symbol: MOFIM2

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: subshrub

Native status: Native to Canada âš˜ Native to the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Monarda menthifolia Graham (MOME3)   

Mintleaf Bergamot: A Native Prairie Gem for Your Garden If you’re looking to add some authentic North American charm to your landscape, mintleaf bergamot (Monarda fistulosa var. menthifolia) might just be the perfect prairie native you’ve been searching for. This hardy perennial brings a touch of wild beauty to gardens ...

Mintleaf Bergamot: A Native Prairie Gem for Your Garden

If you’re looking to add some authentic North American charm to your landscape, mintleaf bergamot (Monarda fistulosa var. menthifolia) might just be the perfect prairie native you’ve been searching for. This hardy perennial brings a touch of wild beauty to gardens while supporting local ecosystems – and it’s easier to grow than you might think!

What Makes Mintleaf Bergamot Special?

Mintleaf bergamot is a true North American native, naturally occurring across a vast range from Canada down through the western and central United States. This resilient perennial herb belongs to the mint family and showcases lovely purple flowers that bloom in late spring, creating a delightful display that reaches about 3 feet tall.

The plant grows in a rhizomatous pattern, meaning it spreads gradually through underground stems to form naturalized colonies over time. Don’t worry though – with its moderate growth rate, it won’t take over your garden overnight!

Where Does Mintleaf Bergamot Call Home?

This adaptable native has an impressive natural range, thriving across numerous states and provinces including Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Arizona, Colorado, Saskatchewan, Northwest Territories, Idaho, Iowa, Minnesota, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Mexico, North Dakota, Oregon, South Dakota, Texas, Utah, Washington, Wisconsin, and Wyoming.

Perfect Spots in Your Garden

Mintleaf bergamot shines in several garden settings:

  • Native plant gardens and prairie restorations
  • Naturalized areas where you want low-maintenance beauty
  • Mixed perennial borders for texture and height variation
  • Wildlife gardens focused on supporting local ecosystems

Its upright, erect growth habit and coarse-textured green foliage make it an excellent backdrop plant, while those purple blooms add seasonal color and interest.

Growing Conditions That Make It Happy

One of the best things about mintleaf bergamot is its adaptability. This tough native can handle:

  • Soil types: Coarse, medium, or fine-textured soils
  • pH range: 6.5 to 8.5 (slightly acidic to alkaline)
  • Moisture: Medium water needs (12-24 inches annual precipitation)
  • Sun exposure: Full sun to partial shade
  • Temperature: Extremely cold hardy (survives down to -38°F!)

The plant does require at least 110 frost-free days and has high fire tolerance, making it perfect for areas prone to wildfires or prescribed burns.

Planting and Care Tips

Getting mintleaf bergamot established in your garden is refreshingly straightforward:

Starting from seed: With about 1.27 million seeds per pound, a little goes a long way! Seeds can be direct sown and don’t require cold stratification, though seedling vigor is considered medium, so be patient.

Container plants: This is often the easier route for home gardeners. Plant in spring after the last frost danger has passed.

Spacing: Allow adequate room for the mature 3-foot height and eventual spread through rhizomes.

Ongoing care: Once established, mintleaf bergamot is quite low-maintenance. It has medium fertility requirements and doesn’t need frequent watering once its 16-inch minimum root depth is established.

Why Your Garden (and Local Wildlife) Will Love It

Beyond its attractive purple flowers and easy-care nature, mintleaf bergamot brings authentic native plant value to your landscape. As a true regional native, it’s perfectly adapted to local climate conditions and soil types, meaning less work for you and better environmental integration.

The plant’s late spring blooming period provides nectar when many other food sources may be scarce, and its seed production from summer through fall offers extended seasonal interest.

The Bottom Line

Mintleaf bergamot is an excellent choice for gardeners wanting to incorporate beautiful, low-maintenance native plants into their landscapes. Its adaptability to various growing conditions, combined with its authentic regional heritage and attractive appearance, make it a smart addition to prairie gardens, native plant collections, or any landscape where you want to celebrate North America’s natural beauty.

Whether you’re creating a wildlife habitat, restoring prairie land, or simply want a reliable perennial that connects your garden to the local ecosystem, mintleaf bergamot delivers both beauty and ecological value with minimal fuss.

How

Mintleaf Bergamot

Grows

Growing season

Spring and Summer

Lifespan

Moderate

Growth form & shape

Rhizomatous and Erect

Growth rate

Moderate

Height at 20 years
Maximum height

3.0

Foliage color

Green

Summer foliage density

Porous

Winter foliage density

Porous

Foliage retention

No

Flowering

Yes

Flower color

Purple

Fruit/seeds

No

Fruit/seed color

Brown

Allelopath

No

Nitrogen fixing

None

Toxic

None

C:N Ratio

Medium

Fire Resistant

No

Foliage Texture

Coarse

Low-growing Grass

No

Resproutability

No

Coppice Ability

No

Bloat

None

Mintleaf Bergamot

Growing Conditions

Adapted to Coarse Soil

Yes

Adapted to Medium Soil

Yes

Adapted to Fine Soil

Yes

Anaerobic tolerance

Low

CaCO₃ tolerance

Medium

Cold Stratification

No

Drought tolerance

Low

Nutrient requirement

Medium

Fire tolerance

High

Frost-free days minimum

110

Hedge tolerance

None

Moisture requirement

Medium

pH range

6.5 to 8.5

Plants per acre

2700 to 4800

Precipitation range (in)

12 to 24

Min root depth (in)

16

Salt tolerance

None

Shade tolerance

Intermediate

Min temperature (F)

-38

Cultivating

Mintleaf Bergamot

Flowering season

Late Spring

Commercial availability

Contracting Only

Fruit/seed abundance

Medium

Fruit/seed season

Summer to Fall

Fruit/seed persistence

Yes

Propagated by bare root

No

Propagated by bulb

No

Propagated by container

Yes

Propagated by corm

No

Propagated by cuttings

No

Propagated by seed

Yes

Propagated by sod

No

Propagated by sprigs

Yes

Propagated by tubers

No

Seed per pound

1272500

Seed spread rate

Slow

Seedling vigor

Medium

Small grain

No

Vegetative spread rate

Moderate

Mintleaf Bergamot

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Lamiales

Family

Lamiaceae Martinov - Mint family

Genus

Monarda L. - beebalm

Species

Monarda fistulosa L. - wild bergamot

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA