North America Native Plant

Mesa Pepperwort

Botanical name: Lepidium alyssoides var. angustifolium

USDA symbol: LEALA4

Life cycle: biennial

Habit: subshrub

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Lepidium montanum Nutt. var. angustifolium C.L. Hitchc. (LEMOA3)   

Mesa Pepperwort: A Native Southwestern Wildflower Worth Knowing If you’re passionate about native plants and live in the American Southwest, you might want to get acquainted with mesa pepperwort (Lepidium alyssoides var. angustifolium). This unassuming little wildflower may not be the showstopper of your garden, but it’s a true regional ...

Mesa Pepperwort: A Native Southwestern Wildflower Worth Knowing

If you’re passionate about native plants and live in the American Southwest, you might want to get acquainted with mesa pepperwort (Lepidium alyssoides var. angustifolium). This unassuming little wildflower may not be the showstopper of your garden, but it’s a true regional native with its own quiet charm.

What Is Mesa Pepperwort?

Mesa pepperwort is a member of the mustard family (Brassicaceae) and grows as a forb—basically a non-woody flowering plant that dies back to the ground each year. Don’t let the technical term fool you; it’s simply an herbaceous perennial or biennial that lacks the woody stems of shrubs and trees. You might also encounter this plant listed under its synonym, Lepidium montanum var. angustifolium.

Where Does It Call Home?

This native beauty has a fairly limited range within the United States, naturally occurring in New Mexico and Texas. As a true native of the lower 48 states, mesa pepperwort has evolved alongside local wildlife and climate conditions for thousands of years, making it perfectly adapted to its southwestern home.

Why Consider Mesa Pepperwort for Your Garden?

While detailed information about this specific variety is somewhat limited—which tells us it’s not commonly cultivated—there are several reasons why native plant enthusiasts might want to give it a try:

  • True regional native: Supporting local ecosystems by growing plants that naturally belong there
  • Low maintenance potential: Native plants typically require less water and care once established
  • Unique addition: Uncommon in cultivation, so it could be a conversation starter
  • Ecological value: Even lesser-known natives often provide benefits to local wildlife

The Reality Check

Here’s where I need to be honest with you: mesa pepperwort isn’t widely available in the nursery trade, and detailed growing information is scarce. This suggests it’s not been extensively tested or promoted for garden use. If you’re set on trying it, you’ll likely need to source seeds from native plant societies or specialized wildflower seed companies.

Growing Conditions and Care

While specific cultivation details for this variety are limited, we can make some educated guesses based on its native habitat and family characteristics:

  • Climate: Likely adapted to the arid and semi-arid conditions of New Mexico and Texas
  • Soil: Probably tolerates poor, rocky, or sandy soils typical of mesa environments
  • Water: As a native of dry regions, it likely prefers minimal supplemental watering once established
  • Sun exposure: Most plants from mesa habitats thrive in full sun

Is It Right for Your Garden?

Mesa pepperwort might be perfect for you if:

  • You live within its native range (New Mexico or Texas)
  • You’re passionate about growing true regional natives
  • You enjoy experimenting with unusual plants
  • You have a naturalistic or wildlife garden style
  • You’re working on habitat restoration projects

However, you might want to consider other options if you’re looking for a reliable garden performer with predictable results, showy flowers, or a plant that’s readily available at your local nursery.

The Bottom Line

Mesa pepperwort represents the more adventurous side of native gardening. While it may not be the easiest or most spectacular choice, it offers the satisfaction of growing something truly local and potentially supporting regional biodiversity. If you decide to try it, approach it as an experiment and enjoy the process of learning about a plant that most gardeners have never heard of.

Just remember: successful native gardening often starts with the more common, well-documented species before branching out to the rarities. Consider established southwestern natives like desert marigold, blanket flower, or penstemon species as reliable backbone plants, then add unique species like mesa pepperwort as interesting accents.

Mesa Pepperwort

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Dilleniidae

Order

Capparales

Family

Brassicaceae Burnett - Mustard family

Genus

Lepidium L. - pepperweed

Species

Lepidium alyssoides A. Gray - mesa pepperwort

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA