North America Native Plant

Megalastrum

Botanical name: Megalastrum

USDA symbol: MEGAL2

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to Puerto Rico  

Discovering Megalastrum: Puerto Rico’s Impressive Native Ferns If you’re looking to add some serious tropical drama to your shade garden, let me introduce you to Megalastrum – a genus of stunning native ferns that might just be the perfect addition to your landscape. These aren’t your typical delicate woodland ferns; ...

Discovering Megalastrum: Puerto Rico’s Impressive Native Ferns

If you’re looking to add some serious tropical drama to your shade garden, let me introduce you to Megalastrum – a genus of stunning native ferns that might just be the perfect addition to your landscape. These aren’t your typical delicate woodland ferns; Megalastrum species are the bold statement pieces of the fern world.

What Exactly Are Megalastrum Ferns?

Megalastrum is a genus of large, impressive ferns native to tropical and subtropical regions of the Americas. In Puerto Rico, these perennial beauties have been thriving in the island’s lush forests for countless generations. Unlike flowering plants, these ferns reproduce through spores rather than seeds, making them fascinating additions to any garden ecosystem.

The name Megalastrum literally means large shield, which gives you a pretty good idea of what to expect from these magnificent plants. Their fronds can grow quite substantial, creating dramatic focal points in shaded areas where many other plants struggle to thrive.

Where You’ll Find Them Growing Wild

These native ferns call Puerto Rico home, where they’ve adapted perfectly to the island’s tropical climate and varied elevations. In their natural habitat, you’ll typically find them growing in the understory of forests, where they enjoy filtered light and consistent moisture.

Why Megalastrum Ferns Are Garden Superstars

What makes these ferns so special for gardeners? Here are some compelling reasons to consider them:

  • Native advantage: Being native to Puerto Rico means they’re perfectly adapted to local growing conditions
  • Low maintenance: Once established, they require minimal care compared to exotic species
  • Shade tolerance: They thrive in areas where sun-loving plants fail
  • Year-round interest: As perennials, they provide consistent greenery throughout the seasons
  • Unique texture: Their large fronds add architectural interest to garden designs

Perfect Spots for Your Megalastrum

These ferns are incredibly versatile in the right conditions. They work beautifully in:

  • Tropical and subtropical shade gardens
  • Woodland landscapes
  • Understory plantings beneath trees
  • Rain gardens and naturally moist areas
  • Protected courtyards and patios

Growing Conditions They Crave

Megalastrum ferns have some specific preferences, but they’re not particularly fussy once you understand their needs:

  • Light: Shade to partial shade (direct sun can scorch their fronds)
  • Soil: Rich, organic, well-draining soil that stays consistently moist
  • Humidity: High humidity levels (they love that tropical feel)
  • Temperature: Generally suited for USDA zones 9-11
  • Protection: Shelter from strong winds that can damage their large fronds

How to Identify Megalastrum in the Wild

If you’re exploring Puerto Rico’s natural areas, here’s what to look for:

  • Large, impressive fronds that live up to their mega name
  • Typically growing in shaded, moist forest understory
  • Perennial growth habit – they’ll be present year-round
  • Herbaceous structure without woody stems
  • Spore-producing structures on the undersides of mature fronds

A Note on Availability

Since specific information about the rarity status of Megalastrum species isn’t readily available, it’s always wise to source plants from reputable native plant nurseries rather than collecting from the wild. This helps protect natural populations while ensuring you get healthy, well-established plants for your garden.

The Bottom Line

Megalastrum ferns offer gardeners in suitable climates a chance to work with truly impressive native plants. They’re perfect for anyone looking to create a lush, tropical atmosphere in shaded areas while supporting local ecosystems. While they may not attract pollinators like flowering plants do, they provide habitat and contribute to the overall biodiversity of your garden space.

If you’re gardening in Puerto Rico or similar tropical climates, these native ferns deserve serious consideration for your shade garden palette. Just remember to give them the moist, protected conditions they love, and they’ll reward you with stunning foliage that brings a piece of the island’s natural beauty right to your backyard.

Megalastrum

Classification

Group

Fern

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision
Division

Pteridophyta - Ferns

Subdivision
Class

Filicopsida

Subclass
Order

Polypodiales

Family

Dryopteridaceae Herter - Wood Fern family

Genus

Megalastrum Holttum - megalastrum

Species

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA