North America Native Plant

Mealy Lichen

Botanical name: Leprocaulon arbuscula

USDA symbol: LEAR14

Habit: lichen

Native status: Native to North America  

Synonyms: Stereocaulon arbuscula Nyl. (STAR13)   

Mealy Lichen: A Fascinating Garden Visitor You Can’t Plant Have you ever noticed tiny, pale, coral-like growths on the bark of trees in your yard? You might be looking at mealy lichen (Leprocaulon arbuscula), one of nature’s most interesting organisms that’s neither plant nor animal. While you can’t exactly grow ...

Mealy Lichen: A Fascinating Garden Visitor You Can’t Plant

Have you ever noticed tiny, pale, coral-like growths on the bark of trees in your yard? You might be looking at mealy lichen (Leprocaulon arbuscula), one of nature’s most interesting organisms that’s neither plant nor animal. While you can’t exactly grow this fascinating species, understanding what it is and why it appears can help you appreciate the complex ecosystem thriving right in your own backyard.

What Exactly Is Mealy Lichen?

Here’s where things get wonderfully weird: mealy lichen isn’t actually a single organism at all! It’s a partnership between a fungus and an algae (and sometimes cyanobacteria too), working together in what scientists call a symbiotic relationship. The fungus provides structure and protection, while the algae produces food through photosynthesis. It’s like nature’s version of the perfect roommate situation.

Leprocaulon arbuscula, also known by its former scientific name Stereocaulon arbuscula, creates small, branching structures that look remarkably like tiny coral formations. These pale grayish-white to yellowish growths typically measure just a few centimeters tall, making them easy to overlook unless you’re really paying attention.

Where You’ll Find Mealy Lichen

This native North American species has made itself at home across temperate regions of the continent, particularly in Canada and the northern United States. You’ll most commonly spot mealy lichen growing on tree bark, though it occasionally sets up shop on rocks as well.

Is Mealy Lichen Good for Your Garden?

The short answer? Absolutely! While you might not have invited mealy lichen to your garden party, its presence is actually a fantastic sign. Here’s why you should be happy to see it:

  • Air quality indicator: Lichens are incredibly sensitive to air pollution, so finding them means your air quality is pretty good
  • Ecosystem health: They indicate a mature, stable environment
  • Wildlife habitat: Many small creatures use lichens for shelter and some even eat them
  • No harm to trees: Unlike parasites, lichens don’t damage their host trees—they’re just hitching a ride

How to Identify Mealy Lichen

Spotting mealy lichen is like going on a miniature treasure hunt. Here’s what to look for:

  • Size: Small, typically 1-3 centimeters tall
  • Color: Pale grayish-white to yellowish, sometimes with a slightly mealy or powdery appearance (hence the name!)
  • Shape: Branching, coral-like structures that look almost like tiny underwater plants
  • Location: Usually found on tree bark, particularly on older trees with textured bark
  • Texture: Brittle when dry, slightly more flexible when moist

Creating Lichen-Friendly Conditions

While you can’t plant mealy lichen like you would a flower, you can create conditions that make it more likely to appear naturally:

  • Maintain mature trees: Older trees with established bark provide the best habitat
  • Avoid chemical treatments: Pesticides and fungicides can harm lichens
  • Preserve air quality: Lichens thrive in areas with clean air
  • Be patient: Lichens grow very slowly, so it may take years for them to establish

Common Misconceptions

Let’s clear up a few things about mealy lichen and lichens in general:

  • They don’t harm trees: Lichens are epiphytes, meaning they just live on the surface without taking nutrients from the tree
  • They’re not parasites: Unlike mistletoe or other plant parasites, lichens make their own food
  • You can’t catch them: Lichens aren’t contagious and won’t spread disease to your plants
  • They’re not weeds: There’s no need to remove them—they’re beneficial members of your garden ecosystem

The Bottom Line

Mealy lichen might be small and easy to overlook, but it’s a sign of a healthy, thriving garden ecosystem. Rather than trying to cultivate it (which isn’t really possible anyway), appreciate it as nature’s seal of approval for your outdoor space. Next time you’re wandering through your garden, take a moment to look closely at your tree bark—you might just discover these fascinating little coral gardens that have been quietly flourishing right under your nose.

Remember, in the world of gardening, sometimes the most interesting discoveries are the ones that find us, rather than the ones we plant ourselves.

Mealy Lichen

Classification

Group

Lichen

Kingdom

Fungi - Fungi

Subkingdom
Superdivision
Division

Ascomycota - Sac fungi

Subdivision
Class

Uncertain Ascomycota Class

Subclass
Order

Uncertain Ascomycota Order

Family

Uncertain Ascomycota Family

Genus

Leprocaulon Nyl. ex Lamy - mealy lichen

Species

Leprocaulon arbuscula (Nyl.) Nyl. - mealy lichen

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA