North America Native Plant

Maui Lobelia

Botanical name: Lobelia hillebrandii

USDA symbol: LOHI4

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: shrub

Native status: Native to Hawaii  

Maui Lobelia: A Rare Hawaiian Treasure Worth Protecting If you’re passionate about Hawaiian native plants and conservation gardening, you’ve probably heard whispers about the elusive Maui lobelia (Lobelia hillebrandii). This remarkable shrub isn’t your typical garden center find – it’s one of Hawaii’s precious endemic species that deserves our attention ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S2S3: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 6 to 20 occurrences or few remaining individuals (1,000 to 3,000) ⚘ Vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals ⚘

Maui Lobelia: A Rare Hawaiian Treasure Worth Protecting

If you’re passionate about Hawaiian native plants and conservation gardening, you’ve probably heard whispers about the elusive Maui lobelia (Lobelia hillebrandii). This remarkable shrub isn’t your typical garden center find – it’s one of Hawaii’s precious endemic species that deserves our attention and protection.

What Makes Maui Lobelia Special?

Maui lobelia is a perennial shrub that’s found nowhere else on Earth except the Hawaiian islands. This multi-stemmed woody beauty typically grows to about 13-16 feet tall, though it can vary depending on growing conditions. What sets it apart from other lobelias is its unique adaptation to Hawaii’s specific climate and ecosystems.

The plant produces charming tubular flowers that range from white to pale blue, creating a delicate display that’s perfectly suited to Hawaii’s native pollinators. Its growth habit is distinctly shrub-like, with several stems arising from near the ground, giving it a full, bushy appearance when mature.

Where Does It Grow?

This endemic species calls Hawaii home, with populations naturally occurring on the Hawaiian islands. As its common name suggests, it has strong ties to Maui, though its exact distribution within the state reflects its specialized habitat requirements.

A Word of Caution: Rarity Status

Important: Maui lobelia has a Global Conservation Status of S2S3, indicating it’s quite rare and potentially vulnerable. This means if you’re considering adding this plant to your garden, you must source it responsibly. Never collect plants from the wild, and only purchase from reputable native plant nurseries that propagate their stock ethically.

Growing Conditions and Care

If you’re fortunate enough to obtain responsibly sourced Maui lobelia, here’s what you need to know about keeping it happy:

  • Climate: Suitable for USDA hardiness zones 10-12 only – this is strictly a tropical/subtropical plant
  • Sunlight: Thrives in partial shade to full sun conditions
  • Soil: Prefers well-draining soils with moderate moisture
  • Watering: Maintain consistent but not waterlogged conditions
  • Wetland status: Classified as facultative upland, meaning it usually grows in non-wetland areas but can tolerate some wetland conditions

Garden Design and Landscape Role

Maui lobelia works beautifully in:

  • Native Hawaiian plant gardens
  • Conservation-focused landscapes
  • Specialized collector gardens
  • Educational botanical displays

This isn’t a plant for every garden – it’s specifically suited for those committed to native Hawaiian horticulture and conservation efforts. Its shrub-like form makes it excellent for creating natural-looking native plant communities.

Benefits to Wildlife and Pollinators

While specific wildlife benefits aren’t fully documented, native Hawaiian lobelias typically support native bird species and local pollinators. By growing this plant, you’re contributing to the preservation of Hawaii’s unique ecological relationships.

Should You Plant Maui Lobelia?

The answer depends on your commitment to conservation and your location. If you live in Hawaii or a similar tropical climate and are dedicated to native plant conservation, Maui lobelia can be a meaningful addition to your garden – but only if sourced responsibly.

For most gardeners outside of Hawaii, this plant isn’t practical due to climate requirements. Instead, consider supporting Hawaiian conservation organizations or learning about native plants in your own region.

The Bottom Line

Maui lobelia represents something special in the plant world – a rare, endemic species that connects us to Hawaii’s unique natural heritage. While it’s not a plant for every garden, it serves as a reminder of the importance of protecting and preserving our native plant communities. If you’re passionate about conservation and have the right growing conditions, this remarkable shrub offers a chance to participate in preserving Hawaii’s botanical treasures for future generations.

Maui Lobelia

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Campanulales

Family

Campanulaceae Juss. - Bellflower family

Genus

Lobelia L. - lobelia

Species

Lobelia hillebrandii Rock - Maui lobelia

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA