North America Native Plant

Maui Flatsedge

Botanical name: Cyperus neokunthianus

USDA symbol: CYNE2

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: grass

Native status: Native to Hawaii  

Synonyms: Cyperus kunthianus (Gaudich.) Hillebr. (CYKU2)  âš˜  Mariscus kunthianus Gaudich. (MAKU)   

Maui Flatsedge: A Critically Rare Hawaiian Native That Needs Our Help Meet Maui flatsedge (Cyperus neokunthianus), a Hawaiian native sedge that’s facing a heartbreaking reality – it might already be gone from the wild. This unassuming grass-like perennial holds the sobering distinction of being one of Hawaii’s most critically endangered ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: United States

Status: SH: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Possibly Extinct: Known only from historical occurrences. Still some hope of rediscovery ⚘ Endangered: In danger of extinction throughout all or a significant portion of its range. ⚘

Region: United States

Maui Flatsedge: A Critically Rare Hawaiian Native That Needs Our Help

Meet Maui flatsedge (Cyperus neokunthianus), a Hawaiian native sedge that’s facing a heartbreaking reality – it might already be gone from the wild. This unassuming grass-like perennial holds the sobering distinction of being one of Hawaii’s most critically endangered plants, with a conservation status that reads like a plea for help.

What Makes Maui Flatsedge Special?

Maui flatsedge belongs to the sedge family, making it a grass-like plant that once called the beautiful islands of Hawaii home. As a perennial, this plant was designed by nature to return year after year, but sadly, that natural cycle has been disrupted. You might also see this plant referenced by its scientific synonyms Cyperus kunthianus or Mariscus kunthianus in older botanical literature.

Where Did Maui Flatsedge Live?

This endemic Hawaiian species was native exclusively to Hawaii, with historical records pointing specifically to Maui. Being endemic means it evolved here and existed nowhere else on Earth – making its potential loss even more significant for Hawaii’s unique botanical heritage.

The Sobering Reality: A Plant on the Edge

Here’s where things get serious, fellow plant lovers. Maui flatsedge carries a Global Conservation Status of SH – which stands for Possibly Extirpated. In plain English, this means scientists know it existed historically, but there’s a real chance it might already be extinct in the wild. There’s still hope for rediscovery, but that hope grows dimmer with each passing year.

In the United States, this species is officially listed as Endangered, which is the most critical conservation status a plant can receive before being declared extinct.

Should You Try to Grow Maui Flatsedge?

This is where I need to be completely honest with you: you probably shouldn’t attempt to grow Maui flatsedge, and here’s why:

  • The plant may already be extinct in the wild
  • Any remaining specimens are of critical conservation value
  • Growing conditions and care requirements are largely unknown
  • Seeds or plants are not commercially available
  • Cultivation should only be attempted by conservation professionals

How You Can Help Instead

While you can’t plant Maui flatsedge in your garden, you can still make a difference:

  • Support Hawaiian native plant conservation organizations
  • Choose other native Hawaiian sedges for your garden if you live in Hawaii
  • Spread awareness about Hawaii’s endangered flora
  • If you’re hiking in Hawaii and think you spot this plant, report it to local botanists immediately

The Bigger Picture

Maui flatsedge represents a sobering reminder of what we stand to lose when native habitats disappear. While we can’t turn back the clock on this particular species, we can learn from its story and work harder to protect the native plants that still have a fighting chance.

Every native plant we choose for our gardens, every invasive species we remove, and every dollar we donate to conservation efforts is a small victory in the larger battle to preserve our natural heritage. Sometimes the most important gardening lesson isn’t about what to plant – it’s about understanding what we might lose if we don’t act soon enough.

Maui Flatsedge

Classification

Group

Monocot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Liliopsida - Monocotyledons

Subclass

Commelinidae

Order

Cyperales

Family

Cyperaceae Juss. - Sedge family

Genus

Cyperus L. - flatsedge

Species

Cyperus neokunthianus Kük. - Maui flatsedge

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA