North America Native Plant

Mata Espiritista

Botanical name: Stenandrium tuberosum

USDA symbol: STTU

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to Puerto Rico âš˜ Native to the U.S. Virgin Islands  

Synonyms: Gerardia portoricensis Britton & P. Wilson (GEPO4)  âš˜  Gerardia tuberosa L. (GETU2)   

Mata Espiritista: A Caribbean Native Worth Knowing If you’re gardening in Puerto Rico or the U.S. Virgin Islands and looking to embrace truly local flora, mata espiritista might just be the hidden gem you’ve been searching for. This perennial forb represents the kind of authentic Caribbean native that connects your ...

Mata Espiritista: A Caribbean Native Worth Knowing

If you’re gardening in Puerto Rico or the U.S. Virgin Islands and looking to embrace truly local flora, mata espiritista might just be the hidden gem you’ve been searching for. This perennial forb represents the kind of authentic Caribbean native that connects your garden directly to the islands’ natural heritage.

What Is Mata Espiritista?

Mata espiritista (Stenandrium tuberosum) is a native perennial forb that calls the Caribbean home. As a forb, it’s a herbaceous flowering plant without woody stems above ground – think of it as the islands’ answer to wildflowers. This plant belongs to a group of species that have adapted specifically to Caribbean conditions over thousands of years.

You might occasionally see this plant listed under its scientific synonyms Gerardia portoricensis or Gerardia tuberosa in older botanical references, but Stenandrium tuberosum is the currently accepted name.

Where Does It Grow Naturally?

This Caribbean endemic is native exclusively to Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands. Its limited natural range makes it a true regional specialty – when you plant mata espiritista, you’re cultivating something that exists nowhere else on Earth naturally.

The Wetland Connection

One of the most interesting aspects of mata espiritista is its relationship with water. It’s classified as a facultative wetland plant in the Caribbean region, meaning it’s equally comfortable in wet soils and drier conditions. This adaptability makes it potentially valuable for gardeners dealing with variable moisture conditions or those interested in rain gardens and naturalized landscapes.

Why Consider Growing Mata Espiritista?

There are several compelling reasons to include this native in your Caribbean garden:

  • True Native Heritage: Supporting genuinely local flora helps preserve regional biodiversity
  • Climate Adapted: Thousands of years of evolution have fine-tuned this plant for Caribbean conditions
  • Water Flexible: Its facultative wetland status means it can handle both wet and moderately dry conditions
  • Low Maintenance Potential: Native plants typically require less intervention once established

The Challenge: Limited Growing Information

Here’s where things get a bit tricky – mata espiritista appears to be one of those native plants that hasn’t received much attention from the horticultural world. Detailed growing guides, propagation methods, and specific care requirements aren’t readily available in standard gardening resources.

This isn’t necessarily bad news! It likely means the plant is relatively undemanding and grows well under natural conditions. However, it does mean that growing mata espiritista might involve some experimentation and observation on your part.

What We Can Infer About Growing Conditions

Based on its native status and wetland classification, we can make some educated guesses about what mata espiritista might prefer:

  • Moisture: Given its facultative wetland status, it likely appreciates consistent moisture but can handle some drought
  • Soil: Probably adaptable to various soil types, possibly preferring those that retain some moisture
  • Climate: Obviously adapted to tropical and subtropical Caribbean conditions
  • Sun/Shade: Unknown, but many Caribbean natives are adaptable to partial sun conditions

Finding and Growing Mata Espiritista

The biggest challenge you’ll face is actually finding this plant. It’s not commonly available through typical nursery channels. Your best bet might be:

  • Contacting local native plant societies or botanical gardens
  • Reaching out to university extension services in Puerto Rico or the Virgin Islands
  • Connecting with local naturalist groups who might know wild populations

If you do locate seeds or plants, start small and observe how they respond in your specific garden conditions. Keep notes about what works – you might be pioneering the cultivation knowledge for this species!

A Plant for the Adventurous Native Gardener

Mata espiritista represents the kind of gardening adventure that appeals to those who want to go beyond the ordinary. While we can’t provide a detailed care sheet, this native forb offers the opportunity to work with a plant that’s perfectly adapted to your regional conditions.

If you’re in Puerto Rico or the U.S. Virgin Islands and committed to native gardening, mata espiritista could be a fascinating addition to your plant palette. Just remember that you’ll be part explorer, part gardener as you learn what makes this Caribbean endemic thrive.

Wetland Status

The rule of seasoned gardeners and landscapers is to choose the "right plant for the right place" matching plants to their ideal growing conditions, so they'll thrive with less work and fewer inputs. But the simplicity of this catchphrase conceals how tricky plant selection is. While tags list watering requirements, there's more to the story.

Knowing a plant's wetland status can simplify the process by revealing the interaction between plants, water, and soil. Surprisingly, many popular landscape plants are wetland species! And what may be a wetland plant in one area, in another it might thrive in drier conditions. Also, it helps you make smarter gardening choices and grow healthy plants with less care and feeding, saving you time, frustration, and money while producing an attractive garden with greater ecological benefits.

Regions
Status
Moisture Conditions

Caribbean

FACW

Facultative Wetland - Plants with this status usually occurs in wetlands but may occur in non-wetlands

Mata Espiritista

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Scrophulariales

Family

Acanthaceae Juss. - Acanthus family

Genus

Stenandrium Nees - shaggytuft

Species

Stenandrium tuberosum (L.) Urb. - mata espiritista

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA