Martinique Tonguefern: A Rare Caribbean Epiphyte for Tropical Gardens
Meet the Martinique tonguefern (Elaphoglossum martinicense), a fascinating little fern that calls Puerto Rico home. This perennial epiphyte might not be the showiest plant in your tropical garden, but it brings a unique charm that’s hard to resist once you know what to look for.
What Makes This Fern Special?
The Martinique tonguefern belongs to the diverse Elaphoglossum genus, known for their distinctive tongue-shaped fronds that give them their common name. Unlike many ferns that spread across the ground, this species has adapted to life in the trees as an epiphyte, growing on other plants without being parasitic.
You might also encounter this fern listed under its synonym, Elaphoglossum underwoodianum Maxon, in older botanical references.
Where Does It Come From?
This charming fern is native to Puerto Rico, where it thrives in the island’s lush tropical forests. Currently, Puerto Rico remains its only known natural habitat, making it a true Caribbean endemic.
Is It Right for Your Garden?
The Martinique tonguefern can be a delightful addition to the right garden setting, but it’s definitely not for everyone. Here’s what you should consider:
- Climate requirements: This tropical species needs warm, humid conditions year-round (likely USDA zones 10-12)
- Light preferences: Prefers filtered light or deep shade, mimicking its natural forest understory habitat
- Growing style: As an epiphyte, it naturally grows on tree bark or in moss-covered surfaces
- Garden type: Perfect for tropical shade gardens, greenhouse collections, or naturalistic woodland settings
Garden Benefits and Considerations
While this fern won’t attract pollinators (ferns don’t produce flowers), it offers other garden benefits:
- Adds texture and visual interest to shaded areas
- Helps create authentic tropical forest ambiance
- Low maintenance once established in proper conditions
- Supports biodiversity as part of native plant communities
How to Identify Martinique Tonguefern
Look for these key identifying features:
- Tongue-shaped fronds that give the plant its common name
- Epiphytic growth habit (growing on other plants or surfaces)
- Small to medium size compared to ground-dwelling ferns
- Preference for shaded, humid locations
Growing Tips for Success
If you’re lucky enough to live in a suitable climate and want to try growing this unique fern:
- Provide high humidity levels (60-80% or higher)
- Use well-draining, moisture-retentive growing medium
- Mount on cork bark or tree fern fiber for authentic epiphytic growth
- Keep in bright, indirect light or dappled shade
- Maintain consistent moisture without waterlogging
A Word of Caution
Given its limited natural range and the specific habitat requirements, the Martinique tonguefern may be uncommon in cultivation. If you’re interested in growing this species, make sure to source it responsibly from reputable nurseries that propagate their own plants rather than collecting from wild populations.
For most gardeners outside tropical zones, this fern would work best as a greenhouse specimen or indoor plant with proper humidity control. Consider it a special addition for serious fern enthusiasts rather than a beginner-friendly option.
