North America Native Plant

Maroonspot Calicoflower

Botanical name: Downingia concolor var. concolor

USDA symbol: DOCOC

Life cycle: annual

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Maroonspot Calicoflower: A Rare California Native Worth Protecting Meet the maroonspot calicoflower (Downingia concolor var. concolor), a tiny but mighty annual wildflower that’s as specialized as it is beautiful. This California native has carved out a very particular niche in the Golden State’s landscape, and while it might not be ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S4T3T4: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Subspecies or variety is vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals. ⚘ Apparently Secure: Uncommon but not rare, and usually widespread. Possibly cause for longterm concern. Typically more than 100 occurrences in the state or more than 10,000 individuals ⚘ Subspecies or varieties is apparently secure: Uncommon but not rare, and usually widespread. Possibly cause for longterm concern. Typically more than 100 occurrences in the region or more than 10,000 individuals ⚘

Maroonspot Calicoflower: A Rare California Native Worth Protecting

Meet the maroonspot calicoflower (Downingia concolor var. concolor), a tiny but mighty annual wildflower that’s as specialized as it is beautiful. This California native has carved out a very particular niche in the Golden State’s landscape, and while it might not be the easiest plant to grow in your backyard, it’s certainly one worth knowing about.

What Makes Maroonspot Calicoflower Special?

Don’t let its small stature fool you—this little forb packs a colorful punch. The maroonspot calicoflower produces delicate blue to purple flowers adorned with distinctive dark maroon spots, creating a striking contrast that catches the eye. As an annual herbaceous plant, it completes its entire life cycle in just one growing season, making every blooming period a fleeting but memorable show.

This plant is a true California endemic, found exclusively within the state’s borders. It’s perfectly adapted to one of California’s most unique ecosystems: vernal pools and seasonal wetlands.

A Plant with Very Particular Needs

Here’s where things get interesting (and challenging). Maroonspot calicoflower isn’t your typical garden center find, and there’s a good reason for that. This species has evolved to thrive in vernal pools—those magical seasonal wetlands that fill with winter rains and gradually dry out through spring and summer.

The plant requires:

  • Seasonal flooding during winter and early spring
  • Gradual drying through late spring and summer
  • Clay or hardpan soils that hold water temporarily
  • Mediterranean climate conditions (USDA zones 8-10)

Should You Grow Maroonspot Calicoflower?

This is where we need to have an honest conversation. While maroonspot calicoflower is undeniably beautiful and ecologically important, it’s not suited for most home gardens. With a conservation status of S4T3T4, this plant faces some conservation concerns, making responsible sourcing absolutely critical if you’re considering adding it to your landscape.

Best Garden Applications

If you’re determined to grow this rare beauty, here are the scenarios where it might work:

  • Vernal pool restoration projects: Perfect for recreating California’s native seasonal wetlands
  • Specialized native plant gardens: Ideal for dedicated native plant enthusiasts with the right conditions
  • Educational gardens: Great for demonstrating California’s unique ecosystems
  • Rain gardens: May work in carefully designed seasonal water features

Growing Conditions and Care Tips

If you’re up for the challenge and have obtained seeds from a reputable, conservation-minded source, here’s what you need to know:

Soil: Clay or clay-loam soils that can hold water seasonally but drain completely in summer

Water: Requires winter flooding or consistent moisture, followed by a completely dry summer dormancy period

Sun: Full sun exposure when actively growing

Timing: Seeds typically germinate with winter rains and bloom in spring before the pools dry out

Pollinator and Wildlife Benefits

Despite its specialized nature, maroonspot calicoflower plays an important role in supporting California’s native pollinators. Small native bees and other beneficial insects visit the flowers during the brief blooming period, making it a valuable component of vernal pool ecosystems.

A Word of Caution and Responsibility

Given this plant’s conservation status, it’s crucial to source any seeds or plants through reputable native plant societies or conservation organizations. Never collect from wild populations, as this can harm already vulnerable ecosystems.

For most gardeners, supporting vernal pool conservation efforts or visiting natural areas where maroonspot calicoflower grows wild might be more impactful than attempting to cultivate it at home.

The Bottom Line

Maroonspot calicoflower is a fascinating example of California’s incredible plant diversity and specialization. While it’s not practical for most home gardens, understanding and appreciating plants like this helps us better protect California’s unique ecosystems. If you’re drawn to seasonal beauty and have the right conditions, this rare native might just be the perfect addition to a specialized vernal pool garden—just remember to source it responsibly and give it the seasonal wet-dry cycle it needs to thrive.

Maroonspot Calicoflower

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Campanulales

Family

Campanulaceae Juss. - Bellflower family

Genus

Downingia Torr. - calicoflower

Species

Downingia concolor Greene - maroonspot calicoflower

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA