North America Native Plant

Map Lichen

Botanical name: Rhizocarpon vernicomoideum

USDA symbol: RHVE5

Habit: lichen

Native status: Native to North America  

Map Lichen: Nature’s Living Art on Rocks If you’ve ever noticed intricate, map-like patterns decorating rocks and stone surfaces, you might have encountered the fascinating world of map lichen (Rhizocarpon vernicomoideum). This remarkable organism isn’t actually a plant at all – it’s a lichen, a unique partnership between fungi and ...

Map Lichen: Nature’s Living Art on Rocks

If you’ve ever noticed intricate, map-like patterns decorating rocks and stone surfaces, you might have encountered the fascinating world of map lichen (Rhizocarpon vernicomoideum). This remarkable organism isn’t actually a plant at all – it’s a lichen, a unique partnership between fungi and algae that creates some of nature’s most enduring and beautiful patterns.

What Exactly is Map Lichen?

Map lichen gets its common name from the distinctive black lines that crisscross its grayish surface, creating patterns that look remarkably like roads on a map or cracks in ancient pottery. This crusty lichen forms patches that can persist for decades, slowly expanding across rock surfaces with an almost geological patience.

As a native North American species, map lichen plays an important ecological role in our natural landscapes. It’s part of a complex web of organisms that help break down rock surfaces and create the foundation for future plant communities.

Spotting Map Lichen in Your Landscape

You’re most likely to find map lichen on:

  • Exposed rock faces and boulders
  • Stone walls and hardscaping materials
  • Areas with good air circulation and minimal pollution
  • Surfaces that receive some sunlight but aren’t constantly scorching

Is Map Lichen Beneficial for Your Garden?

While you can’t exactly plant map lichen, its presence in your landscape is actually a wonderful sign! Here’s why you should appreciate these crusty patches:

  • Air quality indicator: Lichens are sensitive to air pollution, so their presence suggests you have relatively clean air
  • Natural beauty: The intricate patterns add visual interest to stone features and rock gardens
  • Ecosystem support: Lichens provide habitat for tiny invertebrates and contribute to the overall biodiversity of your space
  • Low maintenance: They require absolutely no care from you!

How to Encourage Map Lichen

Since map lichen appears naturally and can’t be cultivated, the best approach is to create conditions where it might choose to establish itself:

  • Incorporate natural stone features like rock gardens or stone walls
  • Avoid using harsh chemicals or pressure washing stone surfaces
  • Maintain good air quality around your property
  • Be patient – lichens grow incredibly slowly and may take years to become noticeable

Living with Map Lichen

If map lichen appears on your stone surfaces, consider yourself lucky! These slow-growing organisms are completely harmless to your hardscaping and actually add character and natural beauty to your landscape. They won’t damage stone or concrete – in fact, they can help protect surfaces from weathering.

The next time you’re walking through your garden or exploring natural areas, take a moment to appreciate these remarkable organisms. Map lichen represents one of nature’s most successful partnerships, quietly decorating our world with intricate patterns that can outlast many of the plants we carefully tend in our gardens.

Map Lichen

Classification

Group

Lichen

Kingdom

Fungi - Fungi

Subkingdom
Superdivision
Division

Ascomycota - Sac fungi

Subdivision
Class

Ascomycetes

Subclass
Order

Lecanorales

Family

Rhizocarpaceae M. Choisy ex Hafellner

Genus

Rhizocarpon Ramond ex DC. - map lichen

Species

Rhizocarpon vernicomoideum Fink - map lichen

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA