North America Native Plant

Mann’s Phyllostegia

Botanical name: Phyllostegia mannii

USDA symbol: PHMA12

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: vine

Native status: Native to Hawaii  

Synonyms: Phyllostegia racemosa Benth. var. bryanii Sherff (PHRAB)   

Mann’s Phyllostegia: A Rare Hawaiian Treasure Worth Protecting If you’re passionate about Hawaiian native plants and conservation gardening, Mann’s phyllostegia (Phyllostegia mannii) deserves a spot on your radar. This delicate perennial herb represents both the beauty and fragility of Hawaii’s endemic flora, making it a meaningful addition for dedicated native ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: United States

Status: S1: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Critically Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 5 or fewer occurrences or very few remaining individuals (<1,000) ⚘ Endangered: In danger of extinction throughout all or a significant portion of its range. ⚘

Region: United States

Mann’s Phyllostegia: A Rare Hawaiian Treasure Worth Protecting

If you’re passionate about Hawaiian native plants and conservation gardening, Mann’s phyllostegia (Phyllostegia mannii) deserves a spot on your radar. This delicate perennial herb represents both the beauty and fragility of Hawaii’s endemic flora, making it a meaningful addition for dedicated native plant enthusiasts.

What Makes Mann’s Phyllostegia Special

Mann’s phyllostegia is a member of the mint family that’s found nowhere else in the world except the Hawaiian Islands. This low-growing perennial herb produces charming small flowers in white to pale purple hues, arranged in attractive terminal spikes that add subtle elegance to any native garden setting.

Unlike woody shrubs or trees, this plant maintains a soft, herbaceous growth habit throughout its life. As a forb, it lacks significant woody tissue and keeps its growing points at or near ground level, making it an excellent ground cover option for the right conditions.

Where Mann’s Phyllostegia Calls Home

This endemic Hawaiian species is naturally found on the islands of Molokai and Maui, where it typically grows in partially shaded areas with well-draining soil. In Hawaii, it’s classified as a facultative upland plant, meaning it usually prefers drier, non-wetland areas but can occasionally tolerate some moisture.

A Plant in Crisis: Why This Matters

Here’s where things get serious: Mann’s phyllostegia is critically endangered. With a Global Conservation Status of S1 and listed as Endangered, this species teeters on the brink of extinction with typically five or fewer known occurrences and fewer than 1,000 remaining individuals in the wild.

This rarity status means that while growing Mann’s phyllostegia can be incredibly rewarding from a conservation standpoint, it comes with significant responsibility. If you’re considering adding this plant to your garden, you must ensure any plant material comes from reputable, ethical sources that support conservation efforts rather than depleting wild populations.

Growing Mann’s Phyllostegia Successfully

This Hawaiian native thrives in USDA hardiness zones 10-11, making it suitable only for tropical and subtropical climates. If you live outside Hawaii, you’ll need greenhouse conditions or indoor growing setups to provide the right environment.

Ideal Growing Conditions

  • Partial shade to protect from intense direct sunlight
  • Well-draining soil that doesn’t stay soggy
  • Moderate moisture levels – not too wet, not too dry
  • Protection from strong winds
  • Warm temperatures year-round

Garden Design and Landscape Role

Mann’s phyllostegia works beautifully as an understory plant in native Hawaiian restoration gardens. Its low, spreading growth habit makes it ideal for:

  • Ground cover in native plant gardens
  • Conservation and restoration projects
  • Educational gardens showcasing rare Hawaiian species
  • Shaded areas under larger native trees or shrubs

Supporting Local Wildlife

As part of Hawaii’s native ecosystem, Mann’s phyllostegia likely provides nectar for native Hawaiian insects and other pollinators. By growing this plant, you’re helping support the intricate web of relationships that make Hawaiian ecosystems unique and valuable.

The Bottom Line: Should You Grow It?

Mann’s phyllostegia is definitely worth growing if you’re committed to Hawaiian native plant conservation and can provide the specialized care it needs. However, this isn’t a plant for casual gardeners or those looking for easy, low-maintenance options.

Only pursue growing Mann’s phyllostegia if you can:

  • Source plants or seeds through legitimate conservation programs
  • Provide the specific growing conditions it requires
  • Commit to protecting and nurturing this rare species
  • Potentially participate in conservation efforts or seed collection programs

For most native plant enthusiasts, supporting Mann’s phyllostegia conservation through donations to botanical gardens or conservation organizations might be more impactful than attempting to grow it personally. However, for those with the knowledge, resources, and dedication, cultivating this rare gem can be a deeply meaningful way to participate in preserving Hawaii’s irreplaceable botanical heritage.

Mann’s Phyllostegia

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Lamiales

Family

Lamiaceae Martinov - Mint family

Genus

Phyllostegia Benth. - phyllostegia

Species

Phyllostegia mannii Sherff - Mann's phyllostegia

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA