North America Native Plant

Manfern

Botanical name: Cibotium ×heleniae

USDA symbol: CIHE7

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: tree

Native status: Native to Hawaii  

Manfern (Cibotium ×heleniae): Hawaii’s Elusive Tree Fern Hybrid If you’ve stumbled across the name manfern in your plant research, you’ve discovered one of Hawaii’s more mysterious botanical residents. Cibotium ×heleniae is a tree fern hybrid that’s native to the Hawaiian Islands, but don’t expect to find much chatter about it ...

Manfern (Cibotium ×heleniae): Hawaii’s Elusive Tree Fern Hybrid

If you’ve stumbled across the name manfern in your plant research, you’ve discovered one of Hawaii’s more mysterious botanical residents. Cibotium ×heleniae is a tree fern hybrid that’s native to the Hawaiian Islands, but don’t expect to find much chatter about it in your typical gardening forums – this one’s a bit of a botanical unicorn.

What Exactly Is Manfern?

The manfern is a perennial tree fern that can grow into quite the impressive specimen. We’re talking about a woody plant that typically develops a single trunk and can tower over 13 to 16 feet tall under the right conditions. Sometimes, depending on environmental factors, it might develop a more multi-stemmed or shorter growth form, but either way, it’s got presence.

The × in its scientific name is a dead giveaway that this is a hybrid – meaning it’s the result of two different Cibotium species getting together and creating something new. Nature’s been doing genetic mixing long before we figured out how to do it ourselves!

Where You’ll Find It (Hint: Pack Your Sunscreen)

This tree fern calls Hawaii home and only Hawaii. It’s an endemic species, which means it evolved there and exists nowhere else naturally on Earth. You won’t find wild populations anywhere on the mainland United States or other tropical locations.

The Challenge of Growing Manfern

Here’s where things get a bit tricky for the average gardener: information about successfully cultivating Cibotium ×heleniae is remarkably scarce. This hybrid appears to be quite rare, and specific growing requirements, propagation methods, and care instructions aren’t well-documented in common horticultural resources.

What we do know is that it has a Facultative Upland wetland status in Hawaii, which means it usually prefers non-wetland conditions but can tolerate some moisture. This gives us a hint that it’s not a bog-loving plant, but rather one that appreciates well-draining conditions.

Should You Try Growing It?

If you’re not in Hawaii or a similarly tropical climate, growing this tree fern would likely be quite challenging, if not impossible. Even within Hawaii, the rarity of this hybrid means that finding plants or spores would be difficult.

For most gardeners interested in tree ferns, you might want to consider:

  • Other Cibotium species that are more readily available
  • Native fern species appropriate to your local region
  • Well-established tree fern cultivars with known growing requirements

A Note on Rarity

The limited information available about Cibotium ×heleniae suggests this may be a quite rare hybrid. If you ever do encounter it, it’s worth appreciating its uniqueness. Rare plants like this remind us that there’s still so much we don’t know about the plant world, even in our well-studied modern age.

For the Fern Enthusiasts

While manfern might not be the tree fern for your backyard, it represents something special in the botanical world – a naturally occurring hybrid that’s carved out its own niche in Hawaii’s diverse ecosystems. For fern enthusiasts and botanists, it’s a reminder that evolution is an ongoing process, constantly creating new combinations and possibilities.

If you’re passionate about ferns and conservation, supporting organizations that protect Hawaii’s native plant habitats helps ensure that rare species like Cibotium ×heleniae continue to thrive in their natural environment, even if we can’t easily bring them into our gardens.

Wetland Status

The rule of seasoned gardeners and landscapers is to choose the "right plant for the right place" matching plants to their ideal growing conditions, so they'll thrive with less work and fewer inputs. But the simplicity of this catchphrase conceals how tricky plant selection is. While tags list watering requirements, there's more to the story.

Knowing a plant's wetland status can simplify the process by revealing the interaction between plants, water, and soil. Surprisingly, many popular landscape plants are wetland species! And what may be a wetland plant in one area, in another it might thrive in drier conditions. Also, it helps you make smarter gardening choices and grow healthy plants with less care and feeding, saving you time, frustration, and money while producing an attractive garden with greater ecological benefits.

Regions
Status
Moisture Conditions

Hawaii

FACU

Facultative Upland - Plants with this status usually occurs in non-wetlands but may occur in wetlands

Manfern

Classification

Group

Fern

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision
Division

Pteridophyta - Ferns

Subdivision
Class

Filicopsida

Subclass
Order

Polypodiales

Family

Dicksoniaceae M.R. Schomb. - Tree Fern family

Genus

Cibotium Kaulf. - manfern

Species

Cibotium ×heleniae D. Palmer [chamissoi × menziesii] - manfern

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA