North America Native Plant

Makaleha Maiden Fern

Botanical name: Thelypteris exindusiata

USDA symbol: THEX2

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to Hawaii  

Synonyms: Cyclosorus exindusiatus (W.H. Wagner) W.H. Wagner (CYEX)   

Makaleha Maiden Fern: Hawaii’s Native Fern Treasure Meet the Makaleha maiden fern, a charming native Hawaiian fern that’s as unique as its melodious name suggests. With the botanical name Thelypteris exindusiata, this perennial fern represents one of Hawaii’s special endemic treasures that has been quietly growing in the islands long ...

Makaleha Maiden Fern: Hawaii’s Native Fern Treasure

Meet the Makaleha maiden fern, a charming native Hawaiian fern that’s as unique as its melodious name suggests. With the botanical name Thelypteris exindusiata, this perennial fern represents one of Hawaii’s special endemic treasures that has been quietly growing in the islands long before any of us arrived on the scene.

What Exactly Is the Makaleha Maiden Fern?

The Makaleha maiden fern belongs to the Thelypteris genus, a group of ferns known for their delicate, lacy fronds. This particular species is what botanists call a forb – essentially a non-woody plant that lacks the thick, sturdy stems you’d find on shrubs or trees. Instead, it grows with softer, more herbaceous tissue, making it perfectly suited to its fern lifestyle.

You might also see this fern listed under its scientific synonym, Cyclosorus exindusiatus, which is simply another name botanists have used for the same plant over the years.

Where Does It Call Home?

This lovely fern is exclusively native to Hawaii, making it a true island endemic. It’s found naturally growing throughout the Hawaiian islands, where it has evolved over thousands of years to thrive in the unique island environment.

Why Should Gardeners Care About This Fern?

As a native Hawaiian species, the Makaleha maiden fern offers several benefits for island gardeners and plant enthusiasts:

  • Authentic Hawaiian character: Adding native plants like this fern helps preserve Hawaii’s unique botanical heritage
  • Adapted to local conditions: Being native means it’s naturally suited to Hawaiian climates and growing conditions
  • Low maintenance potential: Native plants typically require less water and care once established
  • Ecological value: Native ferns can provide habitat and support for local wildlife

Identifying the Makaleha Maiden Fern

While detailed identification information for this specific species is limited, Thelypteris ferns generally share certain characteristics that can help you recognize them:

  • Delicate, divided fronds with a lacy appearance
  • Perennial growth habit, meaning they come back year after year
  • Soft, non-woody stems and structure
  • Typical fern reproduction through spores rather than flowers or seeds

A Word About Conservation

Because specific information about the Makaleha maiden fern’s current status is limited, it’s always wise to be mindful when encountering native Hawaiian plants. If you’re interested in growing this fern, make sure to source it responsibly from reputable native plant nurseries rather than collecting from wild populations.

The Bottom Line

The Makaleha maiden fern represents the kind of unique, endemic species that makes Hawaiian flora so special. While we may not know all the details about its specific growing requirements or appearance, its status as a native Hawaiian fern makes it worthy of our attention and respect. For gardeners looking to create authentic Hawaiian landscapes, seeking out native species like this one can be a rewarding way to connect with the islands’ natural heritage.

If you’re lucky enough to encounter this fern in the wild or find it available through native plant sources, take a moment to appreciate this quiet representative of Hawaii’s remarkable plant diversity.

Makaleha Maiden Fern

Classification

Group

Fern

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision
Division

Pteridophyta - Ferns

Subdivision
Class

Filicopsida

Subclass
Order

Polypodiales

Family

Thelypteridaceae Ching ex Pic. Serm. - Marsh Fern family

Genus

Thelypteris Schmidel - maiden fern

Species

Thelypteris exindusiata W.H. Wagner - Makaleha maiden fern

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA