North America Native Plant

Makaha Valley Melicope

Botanical name: Melicope makahae

USDA symbol: MEMA7

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: shrub

Native status: Native to Hawaii  

Synonyms: Pelea makahae B.C. Stone (PEMA10)   

Makaha Valley Melicope: A Precious Gem of Hawaiian Native Plants If you’re passionate about Hawaiian native plants and conservation gardening, you may have heard whispers about the elusive Makaha Valley melicope. This remarkable shrub, scientifically known as Melicope makahae, represents one of Hawaii’s most precious and endangered native treasures. What ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: United States

Status: S1: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Critically Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 5 or fewer occurrences or very few remaining individuals (<1,000) ⚘ Endangered: In danger of extinction throughout all or a significant portion of its range. ⚘

Region: United States

Makaha Valley Melicope: A Precious Gem of Hawaiian Native Plants

If you’re passionate about Hawaiian native plants and conservation gardening, you may have heard whispers about the elusive Makaha Valley melicope. This remarkable shrub, scientifically known as Melicope makahae, represents one of Hawaii’s most precious and endangered native treasures.

What Makes This Plant So Special?

The Makaha Valley melicope is a perennial shrub that’s as rare as it is beautiful. As a native Hawaiian species, it plays a crucial role in the islands’ unique ecosystem. This multi-stemmed woody plant typically grows to less than 13-16 feet in height, with several stems arising from or near the ground – though it can vary depending on environmental conditions.

You might also encounter this plant listed under its synonym, Pelea makahae B.C. Stone, in older botanical references.

Where Does It Call Home?

This endemic beauty is found exclusively in Hawaii, specifically in the Makaha Valley area of Oahu. Its limited geographical distribution makes it incredibly special – and incredibly vulnerable.

A Critical Conservation Concern

Here’s where things get serious, fellow plant lovers. The Makaha Valley melicope has a Global Conservation Status of S1, meaning it’s critically imperiled. In the United States, it’s classified as Endangered. With typically 5 or fewer occurrences and very few remaining individuals (less than 1,000), this plant is teetering on the brink of extinction.

What does this mean for gardeners? While we absolutely encourage supporting native Hawaiian plants, if you’re considering adding this species to your garden, you must ensure any plant material comes from responsible, legally authorized sources. Never collect from wild populations, and consider supporting conservation efforts instead.

Growing Conditions and Care

If you’re fortunate enough to obtain responsibly sourced Makaha Valley melicope, here’s what you need to know:

  • Climate: Thrives in USDA hardiness zones 10-12 (tropical and subtropical conditions)
  • Habitat: Prefers the warm, humid conditions typical of Hawaiian native plant communities
  • Growing requirements: While specific cultivation details are limited due to its rarity, most Hawaiian Melicope species prefer well-draining soils and locations with partial shade to full sun

Garden Design and Landscape Role

The Makaha Valley melicope is best suited for:

  • Specialized native Hawaiian plant collections
  • Conservation-focused gardens
  • Educational botanical displays
  • Restoration projects (with proper permits and guidance)

This isn’t a plant for the casual gardener – it’s a living piece of Hawaiian natural heritage that requires dedicated care and respect.

Supporting Conservation Efforts

Rather than attempting to grow this critically endangered species, consider:

  • Supporting Hawaiian native plant conservation organizations
  • Growing other, more stable native Hawaiian plants like native hibiscus or ohia lehua
  • Participating in habitat restoration volunteer programs
  • Donating to botanical gardens working on Hawaiian plant conservation

The Bottom Line

The Makaha Valley melicope represents everything that makes Hawaiian native plants extraordinary – and everything that makes their conservation so urgent. While this remarkable shrub might not be suitable for most home gardens due to its endangered status, learning about it helps us appreciate the incredible diversity and fragility of Hawaii’s native plant communities.

If you’re drawn to Hawaiian native plants, there are many wonderful alternatives that can bring the spirit of the islands to your garden while supporting conservation efforts. Every native plant we grow is a small act of preservation for these irreplaceable natural treasures.

Makaha Valley Melicope

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Rosidae

Order

Sapindales

Family

Rutaceae Juss. - Rue family

Genus

Melicope (J.R. Forst. & G. Forst.) T.G. Hartley & B.C. Stone - melicope

Species

Melicope makahae (B.C. Stone) T.G. Hartley & B.C. Stone - Makaha Valley melicope

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA