North America Native Plant

Macoun’s Candle Snuffer Moss

Botanical name: Encalypta affinis var. macounii

USDA symbol: ENAFM

Habit: nonvascular

Native status: Native to North America  

Synonyms: Encalypta affinis R. Hedw. ssp. macounii (Austin) Horton (ENAFM2)   

Macoun’s Candle Snuffer Moss: A Tiny Native Wonder for Your Garden If you’ve ever wondered about those tiny green carpets that seem to appear magically in shady corners of your garden, you might have encountered Macoun’s candle snuffer moss (Encalypta affinis var. macounii). This charming little moss is one of ...

Macoun’s Candle Snuffer Moss: A Tiny Native Wonder for Your Garden

If you’ve ever wondered about those tiny green carpets that seem to appear magically in shady corners of your garden, you might have encountered Macoun’s candle snuffer moss (Encalypta affinis var. macounii). This charming little moss is one of North America’s native ground-huggers that deserves a closer look – and maybe a warm welcome in your landscape!

What Exactly Is Macoun’s Candle Snuffer Moss?

Macoun’s candle snuffer moss belongs to the fascinating world of bryophytes – those ancient, non-flowering plants that have been carpeting our planet for millions of years. As a terrestrial moss, it’s perfectly content living life close to the ground, often choosing to set up home on rocks, fallen logs, or other solid surfaces rather than directly in soil.

This native North American species gets its whimsical common name from its distinctive reproductive structures, which resemble tiny candle snuffers when mature. The scientific community also knows it by the synonym Encalypta affinis ssp. macounii, but let’s stick with the much more memorable candle snuffer name!

Where Does It Call Home?

As a native species to North America, Macoun’s candle snuffer moss has naturally adapted to our continent’s diverse climates and conditions. While specific distribution details for this particular variety aren’t widely documented, it’s part of the broader Encalypta family that thrives across various regions of North America.

Is It Beneficial to Have in Your Garden?

Absolutely! Having native mosses like Macoun’s candle snuffer moss in your garden brings several wonderful benefits:

  • Creates natural ground cover in challenging spots where other plants struggle
  • Helps prevent soil erosion on slopes and around tree bases
  • Provides habitat for tiny beneficial creatures like springtails and mites
  • Adds year-round green color to shady areas
  • Requires virtually no maintenance once established
  • Contributes to your local ecosystem by supporting native biodiversity

How to Identify Macoun’s Candle Snuffer Moss

Spotting this little moss requires getting down to its level – literally! Here’s what to look for:

  • Small, herbaceous growth that stays close to surfaces
  • Typically found attached to rocks, wood, or other solid objects rather than growing directly in soil
  • Forms small, dense patches or cushions
  • The distinctive candle snuffer reproductive structures (when present) are the key identifying feature
  • Bright green color that may become more muted in dry conditions

Encouraging Moss in Your Garden

While you can’t exactly plant moss the way you would a shrub, you can certainly create conditions that welcome it:

  • Maintain shady, moist areas in your garden
  • Leave some rocks, logs, or stone surfaces available for colonization
  • Avoid using harsh chemicals or fertilizers in areas where moss might establish
  • Be patient – moss establishment is a slow, natural process
  • Consider it a sign of a healthy, balanced garden ecosystem

The Bottom Line

Macoun’s candle snuffer moss might be small, but it’s a wonderful example of how native species can add character and ecological value to your garden. Rather than fighting moss in shady areas, consider embracing these tiny natives as part of your landscape’s natural charm. They’re asking for very little and giving back so much – from erosion control to creating habitat for beneficial tiny creatures.

Next time you’re wandering through your garden, take a moment to crouch down and appreciate these miniature marvels. You might just find yourself becoming a moss enthusiast!

Macoun’s Candle Snuffer Moss

Classification

Group

Moss

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom
Superdivision
Division

Bryophyta - Mosses

Subdivision

Musci

Class

Bryopsida - True mosses

Subclass

Bryidae

Order

Pottiales

Family

Encalyptaceae Schimp.

Genus

Encalypta Hedw. - candle snuffer moss

Species

Encalypta affinis R. Hedw. - candle snuffer moss

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA